Automate Linux Disk Partitioning and LVM Setup with Bash Scripts

This article provides Bash scripts for three common storage management tasks on Linux: creating a primary partition with ext4 or xfs, creating a logical volume using the entire disk, and converting a partition into an LVM logical volume.

1. Create a primary partition

Only primary partitions and standard Linux file systems (ext4/xfs) are supported. The script prompts for the target disk, partition type, number, start sector, and size, then uses fdisk to create the partition, runs partprobe, and updates /etc/fstab based on the chosen file system.

#!/bin/bash
# Function: 对硬盘进行分区,得到一个标准的linux文件系统(ext4/xfs)的主分区
cat /proc/partitions > old
read -p "请输入你要分区的硬盘(写绝对路径，如：/dev/sda)：" A
if [ -e $A ]; then
  echo "true"
else
  echo "该设备不存在！！"
  exit
fi
read -p "请输入你要创建的磁盘分区类型(这里只能是主分区，默认按回车即可):" B
read -p "请输入分区数字，范围1-4，默认从1开始，默认按回车即可：" C
read -p "请输入扇区起始表号，默认按回车即可：" D
read -p "请输入你要分区的分区大小(格式：如 +5G )：" E
fdisk $A << EOF
n
p
$C
$D
$E
w
EOF
echo "一个标准的linux文件系统的分区已经建立好！！"
partprobe $A
echo "-------------------------------"
cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/partitions > new
F=`diff new old | grep "<" | awk '{print $5}'`
echo "-------------------------------"
echo $F
echo "你想对新分区设定什么类型的文件系统？有以下选项："
echo "A：ext4文件系统"
echo "B：xfs文件系统"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" G
case $G in
    a|A)
        mkfs.ext4 /dev/$F
        echo "该分区将被挂载在 /mnt/$F 下"
        m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
        if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
          mkdir /mnt/$F
        fi
        n=`cat /etc/fstab | grep /dev/$F| wc -l`
        if [ $n -eq 0 ]; then
          echo "/dev/$F      /mnt/$F      ext4        defaults          0      0" >> /etc/fstab
        else
          sed -i '/^\/dev\/$F/c\/dev/$F      /mnt/$F      ext4        defaults          0      0' /etc/fstab
        fi
        mount -a
        df -Th
        ;;
    b|B)
        mkfs.xfs -f /dev/$F
        echo "该分区将被挂载在 /mnt/$F 下"
        m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
        if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
          mkdir /mnt/$F
        fi
        n=`cat /etc/fstab | grep /dev/$F| wc -l`
        if [ $n -eq 0 ]; then
          echo "/dev/$F      /mnt/$F      xfs         defaults          0      0" >> /etc/fstab
        else
          sed -i '/^\/dev\/$F/c\/dev/$F      /mnt/$F      xfs         defaults          0      0' /etc/fstab
        fi
        mount -a
        df -Th
        ;;
    *)
        echo "你的输入有误！！"
        ;;
esac

2. Use an entire disk to create an LVM logical volume

The script verifies the disk, creates a physical volume with pvcreate, a volume group named myvg, and a logical volume of user‑specified size. It then formats the LV as ext4 or xfs, creates a mount point, updates /etc/fstab, and mounts the volume.

#!/bin/bash
# Function: 使用一整块硬盘创建LVM逻辑卷
read -p "请输入你要做成逻辑卷的硬盘(写绝对路径，如：/dev/sda)：" path
if [ -e $path ]; then
  echo "true"
else
  echo "该设备不存在！！"
  exit
fi
pvcreate $path
echo "该硬盘已做成物理卷！"
vgcreate myvg $path
echo "该物理卷已加入卷组 myvg 中"
vgs
free=`vgs| awk '$1~/myvg/{print}'|awk '{print $6}'`
echo "该物理卷剩余的空间大小为：$free "
read -p "请输入你要创建逻辑卷的大小(如：1G)：" repy2
lvcreate -L $repy2 -n mylv myvg
echo "已成功创建逻辑卷mylv"
echo "------------------------"
lvs
echo "------------------------"
echo "你想对新分区设定什么类型的文件系统？有以下选项："
echo "A：ext4文件系统"
echo "B：xfs文件系统"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" repy3
case $repy3 in
    a|A)
        mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
        echo "该分区将被挂载在 /mnt/mylv 下"
        m=`ls /mnt/|grep mylv | wc -l`
        if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
          mkdir /mnt/mylv
        fi
        echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/mylv     ext4        defaults          0      0" >> /etc/fstab
        mount -a
        df -Th
        ;;
    b|B)
        mkfs.xfs -f /dev/myvg/mylv
        echo "该分区将被挂载在 /mnt/mylv 下"
        m=`ls /mnt/|grep mylv | wc -l`
        if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
          mkdir /mnt/mylv
        fi
        echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/mylv     xfs         defaults          0      0" >> /etc/fstab
        mount -a
        df -Th
        ;;
    *)
        echo "你的输入有误！！"
        ;;
esac

3. Partition a disk and turn the partition into a logical volume

This script creates a primary partition, changes its type to LVM (code 8e), runs partprobe, creates a physical volume on the new partition, adds it to the myvg volume group, creates a logical volume, formats it, updates /etc/fstab, and mounts it.

#!/bin/bash
# Author: 谢公子
# Date: 2018-10-13
# Function: 新建一个分区，并做成逻辑卷
cat /proc/partitions > old
read -p "请输入你要分区的硬盘(写绝对路径，如：/dev/sda)：" A
if [ -e $A ]; then
  echo "true"
else
  echo "该设备不存在！！"
  exit
fi
read -p "请输入你要创建的磁盘分区类型(这里只能是主分区，默认按回车即可):" B
read -p "请输入分区数字，范围1-4，默认从1开始，默认按回车即可：" C
read -p "请输入扇区起始表号，默认按回车即可：" D
read -p "请输入你要分区的分区大小(格式：如 +5G )：" E
read -p "请输入你要划分为逻辑卷的分区盘符(默认回车即可)：" Z
fdisk $A << EOF
n
p
$C
$D
$E
t
$Z
8e
p
w
EOF
echo "一个标准LVM的分区已经建立好！！"
partprobe $A
echo "-------------------------------"
cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/partitions > new
F=`diff new old | grep "<" | awk '{print $5}'`
echo "-------------------------------"
echo $F
pvcreate /dev/$F
echo "该硬盘已做成物理卷！"
n=`vgs | grep myvg | wc -l`
if [ $n -eq 0 ]; then
  vgcreate myvg /dev/$F
echo "该物理卷已加入卷组myvg中"
else
  vgextend myvg /dev/$F
echo "该物理卷已加入卷组myvg中"
  vgs
  free=`vgs| awk '$1~/myvg/{print}'|awk '{print $7}'`
  echo "该卷组剩余的空间大小为：$free "
  lvs
  exit
fi
vgs
free=`vgs| awk '$1~/myvg/{print}'|awk '{print $6}'`
echo "该卷组剩余的空间大小为：$free "
read -p "请输入你要创建逻辑卷的大小(如：1G)：" repy2
lvcreate -L $repy2 -n mylv myvg
echo "已成功创建逻辑卷mylv"
echo "------------------------"
lvs
echo "------------------------"
echo "你想对新分区设定什么类型的文件系统？有以下选项："
echo "A：ext4文件系统"
echo "B：xfs文件系统"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" G
case $G in
    a|A)
        mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
        echo "该分区将被挂载在 /mnt/$F 下"
        m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
        if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
          mkdir /mnt/$F
        fi
        echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/$F     ext4        defaults          0      0" >> /etc/fstab
        mount -a
        df -Th
        ;;
    b|B)
        mkfs.xfs -f /dev/myvg/mylv
        echo "该分区将被挂载在 /mnt/$F 下"
        m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
        if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
          mkdir /mnt/$F
        fi
        echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/$F     xfs         defaults          0      0" >> /etc/fstab
        mount -a
        df -Th
        ;;
    *)
        echo "你的输入有误！！"
        ;;
esac