Big Data Mastery: Solutions to Common Distributed System Problems

The "Big Data Mastery" series aims to guide readers from beginner to expert, planning to publish over 500 articles; currently more than 50 have been released.

1. Common Problems in Distributed Systems and Their Solutions

Distributed Lock Solution: In complex business logic, centralized systems can no longer meet demands, so distributed systems are used; a distributed lock provides mutual exclusion for shared resources to ensure consistency.

Distributed Transaction Solutions: Several approaches exist, including global messages, reliable message‑based transactions, TCC (Try‑Confirm‑Cancel), and best‑effort notifications, each with its own advantages and drawbacks.

Alibaba has open‑sourced a high‑performance Java distributed transaction framework (formerly called Fescar, now Seata) that developers can explore for practical implementation.

Distributed ID Generator Solution: Key requirements are global uniqueness (no duplicate IDs), monotonic increase (next ID larger than the previous, optionally strictly sequential), and high availability with high performance to survive load testing and prevent system collapse under high concurrency.

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