Build a Student Attendance System with Flask and WeChat MiniProgram – Step‑by‑Step Guide

1. Introduction

This project is a school attendance and course management application built with a WeChat MiniProgram frontend and a Python Flask backend. It integrates database management, API development, and front‑back communication to provide student attendance recording, schedule management, and teacher interaction features.

WeChat MiniProgram support: native syntax for convenient mobile access.

Flask backend: robust Python framework with multiple API endpoints.

Multiple modules: attendance records, schedule management, teacher publishing and review.

Database integration: remote MySQL for secure and efficient data storage.

Continuous updates: version iteration adds features, optimizes performance, and fixes bugs.

2. Project Structure

student_attendance_system
├── MiniProgram
│   ├── app.js               # MiniProgram main script
│   ├── app.json              # Global configuration
│   ├── app.wxss              # Global stylesheet
│   ├── components            # Component directory
│   │   └── …
│   ├── pages                # Page directory
│   │   └── …
│   ├── img                  # Image resources
│   │   ├── loginbg.jpg
│   │   └── …
│   ├── project.config.json   # Project config
│   └── utils                # Utility files
├── app.py                    # Main Flask application
├── datasets
│   ├── save_table.py         # Script to save tables
│   └── 学生考勤系统数据库用例表.xlsx
├── docs
│   ├── API
│   ├── QuickStart.md
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── _sidebar.md
│   ├── index.html
│   ├── 系统实现.docx
│   ├── 需求分析.docx
│   ├── 代码规范.md
│   ├── 数据库设计.docx
│   ├── 系统设计（UML与设计模式）.docx
│   ├── 系统安全性问题.docx
│   └── 项目特色与创新点.docx
├── ds_tools
│   └── data_structure.py
├── models
│   ├── attendence_information_table.py
│   ├── class_schedule_table.py
│   ├── course_selection_table.py
│   ├── course_table.py
│   ├── post_attendance_table.py
│   ├── student_information_table.py
│   └── teacher_information_table.py
├── requirements.txt
├── routes
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── student_routes.py
│   └── teacher_routes.py
├── sql
│   ├── create_procedure.sql
│   ├── create_table.sql
│   ├── create_trigger.sql
│   ├── create_view.sql
│   └── init
│       ├── attendance_information.sql
│       ├── class_schedule.sql
│       ├── course.sql
│       ├── course_selection.sql
│       ├── post_attendance_information.sql
│       ├── student_information.sql
│       └── teacher_information.sql
├── student_attendance_system.drawio
├── test
│   ├── test_student_routes.py
│   └── test_teacher_routes.py
└── utils
    └── database_manager.py

3. Quick Start

3.1 Backend Flask Deployment

Required tools:

MySQL 8.3.0

conda environment

A database management tool (e.g., Navicat)

After installing the tools, follow these steps:

3.1.1 Import Database Quickly

Open Navicat, create a new local database (recommended name: StudentAttendanceSystemDB).

Right‑click the database, choose “Run SQL File”, and execute all .sql files in sql/init.

3.1.2 Create Virtual Environment

In the terminal:

conda create -name Flask python=3.8

conda activate Flask

Install dependencies:

conda install --file requirements.txt

mamba install --file requirements.txt

3.1.3 Modify Database Connection

Edit utils/database_manager.py and adjust the parameters db_user, db_password, db_host, and db_name to match your MySQL setup.

def __init__(self, table_name, db_user='your_user', db_password='your_password', db_host='127.0.0.1', db_port=3306, db_name='StudentAttendanceSystemDB'):
    self.db_user = db_user
    self.db_password = db_password
    self.db_host = db_host
    self.db_port = db_port
    self.db_name = db_name
    self.table_name = table_name
    self.engine = create_engine(self._get_connection_string())
    self.df = None

3.1.4 Start the Backend

Run the Flask app: python app.py You should see output indicating the server is running on http://0.0.0.0:5000.

3.2 Frontend MiniProgram Deployment

3.2.1 Register and Install Tools

Register a WeChat MiniProgram to obtain an AppID (optional; a test account can be used).

Download and install the WeChat MiniProgram Developer Tool.

Log in with WeChat QR code, create a new project, and import the MiniProgram folder.

3.2.2 Import Project

Open the developer tool, choose the MiniProgram directory, and set the AppID (or use a test ID).

3.2.3 Test Login

Enter test account 2021611011 on the home page.

Enter test name “张三”.

Click login and verify the result; consult API documentation if errors occur.

3.3 Testing the API

Use pytest to run route tests: pytest test/test_student_routes.py All tests should pass, confirming that the student and teacher routes work correctly.

(Flask) hiddensharp429@ZixiandeMBP Student Attendance System % pytest test/test_student_routes.py
... (output truncated) ...
7 passed, 6 warnings in 0.28s