Build a Windows‑Style Task Manager with Python, Tkinter, and psutil

Introduction

In this tutorial we create a Windows‑style Task Manager using Python's Tkinter library and the psutil module to display processes, CPU usage, memory, network traffic, and user information.

Project Preparation

Editor: Sublime Text 3

Modules: psutil,

tkinter

Implementation Steps

1. Main Interface

We start by creating the main window and a menu bar.

m = t.Menu(root)

2. Menu Bar

We add File, Options, View, and Help sub‑menus.

# File menu
file = t.Menu(m, tearoff=False)
m.add_cascade(label='文件', menu=file)
file.add_command(label='新建任务', accelerator='(N)')
file.add_command(label='退出任务栏管理器', command=root.quit, accelerator='(x)')

# Options menu
ii = t.IntVar()
ii.set(1)
o = t.Menu(m, tearoff=False)
m.add_cascade(label='选项', menu=o)
o.add_radiobutton(label='前端显示', variable=ii, value=0)
o.add_radiobutton(label='使用时最小化', variable=ii, value=1)
o.add_radiobutton(label='最小化时隐藏', variable=ii, value=2)

# View menu
v = t.Menu(m, tearoff=False)
m.add_cascade(label='查看', menu=v)
v.add_command(label='立即刷新')
iv = t.IntVar()
iv.set(1)
s = t.Menu(v, tearoff=False)
v.add_cascade(label='更新速度', menu=s)
s.add_radiobutton(label='高', variable=iv, value=0)
s.add_radiobutton(label='普通', variable=iv, value=1)
s.add_radiobutton(label='低', variable=iv, value=2)
s.add_radiobutton(label='暂停', variable=iv, value=3)
v.add_command(label='选项列')

# Help menu
h = t.Menu(m, tearoff=False)
m.add_cascade(label='帮助', menu=h)
h.add_command(label='任务管理器帮助主体')
h.add_command(label='关于任务管理器')

Attach the menu to the root window:

root.configure(menu=m)

3. Buttons

Six buttons switch between different views.

b1 = t.Button(root, text='应用程序', command=yy)
b2 = t.Button(root, text='进程', command=jc)
b3 = t.Button(root, text='服务', command=fw)
b4 = t.Button(root, text='性能', command=xn)
b5 = t.Button(root, text='联网', command=lw)
b6 = t.Button(root, text='用户', command=yh)

b1.place(x=10, y=15, height=20, width=60)
b2.place(x=70, y=15, height=20, width=60)
b3.place(x=130, y=15, height=20, width=60)
b4.place(x=190, y=15, height=20, width=60)
b5.place(x=250, y=15, height=20, width=60)
b6.place(x=310, y=15, height=20, width=60)

4. Text Area and Scrollbar

A multi‑line Text widget displays output, with a vertical scrollbar.

text = t.Text(root, width=100, height=40)
text.place(x=10, y=36)

sb = t.Scrollbar(root)
sb.pack(side='left', fill='y')
sb.config(command=text.yview)
text.config(yscrollcommand=sb.set)

5. Status Labels

Three hidden labels will later show process count, CPU usage, and memory usage.

t1 = t.Label(text='')
t2 = t.Label(text='')
t3 = t.Label(text='')

6. Real‑Time Update Functions

Functions fetch system metrics using psutil and update the labels.

def jcs():
    t1.configure(text='进程数：' + str(len(psutil.pids())))
    root.after(3000, jcs)

def cpu():
    pp = str(ceil(psutil.cpu_percent(1)))
    t2.configure(text='CPU 使用率：' + pp + '%')
    root.after(1500, cpu)

def wlnc():
    f = psutil.virtual_memory().free
    t = psutil.virtual_memory().total
    wl = float(t - f) / float(t)
    t3.configure(text='物理内存：' + str(floor(wl * 100)) + '%')
    root.after(2000, wlnc)

7. Content Generation for Each Tab

Process tab lists PID, name, and executable path.

text.insert('insert', '进程号   进程名      进程文件路径
')
for y in psutil.pids():
    a = psutil.Process(y)
    if a.name() == 'System Idle Process':
        continue
    text.insert('insert', f"{y}     {a.name()}   {a.exe()}

")

Tasklist command (Windows) for a detailed process list:

mm = os.popen('tasklist')
text.insert('insert', mm.read())

Service information via sc query:

mm = os.popen('sc query type= service')
text.insert('insert', mm.read())

Performance tab shows boot time, current time, memory statistics, and swap usage.

l1 = t.Label(root, text='开机时间：')
boot = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(psutil.boot_time()).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
l2 = t.Label(root, text=str(boot))
# ... additional labels for current time, memory, swap ...
text.window_create('insert', window=l1)
text.window_create('insert', window=l2)
# ... insert other widgets similarly ...

Network tab displays received and sent traffic.

n = psutil.net_io_counters()
recv = str(float(n.bytes_recv) / 1024 / 1024) + 'MB'
sent = str(float(n.bytes_sent) / 1024 / 1024) + 'MB'
text.insert('insert', f"网卡接收流量: {recv}
网卡发送流量: {sent}
")

User tab lists current logged‑in users.

text.insert('insert', '    用户      状态
')
for u in psutil.users():
    text.insert('insert', f"{u.name}  运行中....
")

Summary

By combining Tkinter widgets with psutil, we built a functional task manager that shows processes, CPU load, memory usage, network traffic, and logged‑in users, providing a practical example of system monitoring in Python.