Building a WeChat Mini Program with a Spring Boot Backend: Step‑by‑Step Guide

WeChat mini‑programs are increasingly popular, and this article records the author’s experience developing a simple mini‑program together with a Spring Boot backend.

Project setup : In the mini‑program IDE, disable domain verification, and refer to the official component and API documentation.

Backend construction : A Maven project is created with the following

<!-- 统一版本控制 -->
<parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<dependencies>
  <!-- freemarker渲染页面 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- spring boot 核心 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <!-- springboot整合jsp -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
      </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
    <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

in pom.xml. The application.properties file configures JSP view prefixes, SSL certificate paths, and server port (443).

The main Spring Boot entry class is:

@ComponentScan(basePackages="com.bin")
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class App {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
    }
}

A simple REST controller provides two endpoints: /getUser returns a list of names, and /getWord returns a message based on the supplied word parameter. The controller code is:

@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
public class ControllerText {
    @RequestMapping("getUser")
    public Map<String, Object> getUser(){
        System.out.println("微信小程序正在调用。。。");
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("zhangsan");
        list.add("lisi");
        list.add("wanger");
        list.add("mazi");
        map.put("list",list);
        System.out.println("微信小程序调用完成。。。");
        return map;
    }
    @RequestMapping("getWord")
    public Map<String, Object> getText(String word){
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        String message = "我能力有限，不要为难我";
        if ("后来".equals(word)) {
            message = "正在热映的后来的我们是刘若英的处女作。";
        } else if ("微信小程序".equals(word)) {
            message = "想获取更多微信小程序相关知识，请更多的阅读微信官方文档，还有其他更多微信开发相关的内容，学无止境。";
        } else if ("西安工业大学".equals(word)) {
            message = "西安工业大学（Xi'an Technological University）简称…"; // truncated for brevity
        }
        map.put("message", message);
        return map;
    }
    @RequestMapping("")
    public String getText(){
        return "hello world";
    }
}

Mini‑program side : The .wxml defines a button and a view to display the returned list. The .js uses wx.request to call http://localhost:443/getUser and populates the page data. A second request sends a word parameter to /getWord and shows the returned message.

// Example request in mini‑program
wx.request({
  url: 'http://localhost:443/getUser',
  method: 'GET',
  header: {'content-type': 'application/json'},
  success: function(res){
    var list = res.data.list;
    if (list == null) {
      wx.showToast({title: '数据获取失败', icon: '', duration: 2000});
    } else {
      that.setData({list: list});
    }
  }
});

After implementing both sides, the mini‑program can successfully retrieve data from the Spring Boot API.

Deployment : The author recommends building a runnable JAR and deploying it on an Alibaba Cloud lightweight server with JDK installed. The command used is nohup java -jar helloworld.jar &, which keeps the service running in the background.

Finally, a Baidu Cloud link is provided for the source code, and the author invites readers to like and share the post.