Comprehensive Guide to Web Functional Testing

Functional Testing

Based on the "User Requirements Specification Manual" and the "Requirement Analysis Specification", each functional module of a website is analyzed and tested.

Link Testing

Link testing verifies that all hyperlinks point to the correct pages, that the target pages exist, and that there are no isolated pages. It can be performed manually or automatically (e.g., using Xenu) and should be completed during the integration testing phase after all pages are developed.

Form Testing

Forms are tested for correctness and conformity to standard operations such as confirm, save, and submit. Primary test methods include boundary value testing, equivalence class testing, and exception testing.

Cookies Testing

Cookies are small text files stored on the client’s hard drive that act as identifiers. Testing ensures cookies function correctly, are retained for the expected duration, and behave appropriately when the page is refreshed.

Database Testing

Database testing checks data validation according to business rules, consistency errors, and output errors that may arise from incorrect user input, network latency, or design flaws.

Usability Testing

Usability (or ease‑of‑use) testing is generally performed manually to evaluate how intuitive and comfortable the website is for end users.

Navigation Testing

Navigation testing assesses whether navigation is intuitive, whether major sections are reachable from the homepage, whether site maps or search functions are needed, and whether navigation elements (menus, links) are consistent and clearly indicated.

Graphics Testing

Graphics testing examines images, animations, borders, colors, fonts, backgrounds, and buttons to ensure they serve a clear purpose, are appropriately sized, and maintain visual consistency across the site.

Content Testing

Content testing verifies the correctness, accuracy, and relevance of information presented on the website, including titles, text, and operational prompts.

Overall Interface Testing

This evaluates the overall page structure and design consistency, ensuring that users can comfortably locate information and that the visual style is uniform throughout the application.

Compatibility Testing

Compatibility testing includes platform testing (Windows, Unix, macOS, Linux) and browser testing (different browsers and their support for Java, JavaScript, ActiveX, plug‑ins, and HTML standards) to confirm the site functions correctly across environments.

Resolution Testing

Resolution testing adjusts screen resolutions to verify that the website displays properly at various sizes (e.g., 640×400, 600×800, 1024×768) and recommends using developer tools (F12) to detect hidden errors.