Creating a Reusable Python HTTP Client with Parent and Child Classes

First, a parent class HttpRequest is defined to encapsulate basic HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) using the requests library.

Next, a subclass RestApiRequest inherits from HttpRequest and adds an auth_token attribute for authentication.

The subclass overrides __init__ to accept base_url and an optional auth_token, calling super().__init__(base_url) to initialize the base URL.

All request methods (get, post, put, delete) are overridden to automatically inject an Authorization header when auth_token is present, then delegate to the parent implementation via super().

Additional helper methods add_auth_token and remove_auth_token are provided to manage the token at runtime.

A complete example shows importing requests, defining both classes, and using the subclass to perform GET and POST calls, printing status codes and JSON responses.

import requests
# 父类
class HttpRequest:
    def __init__(self, base_url):
        self.base_url = base_url
    def get(self, endpoint, params=None, headers=None):
        url = f"{self.base_url}/{endpoint}"
        response = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)
        return response
    def post(self, endpoint, data=None, json=None, headers=None):
        url = f"{self.base_url}/{endpoint}"
        response = requests.post(url, data=data, json=json, headers=headers)
        return response
    def put(self, endpoint, data=None, json=None, headers=None):
        url = f"{self.base_url}/{endpoint}"
        response = requests.put(url, data=data, json=json, headers=headers)
        return response
    def delete(self, endpoint, headers=None):
        url = f"{self.base_url}/{endpoint}"
        response = requests.delete(url, headers=headers)
        return response
# 子类
class RestApiRequest(HttpRequest):
    def __init__(self, base_url, auth_token=None):
        super().__init_(base_url)
        self.auth_token = auth_token
    def get(self, endpoint, params=None):
        headers = {}
        if self.auth_token:
            headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self.auth_token}'
        return super().get(endpoint, params=params, headers=headers)
    def post(self, endpoint, data=None, json=None):
        headers = {}
        if self.auth_token:
            headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self.auth_token}'
        return super().post(endpoint, data=data, json=json, headers=headers)
    def put(self, endpoint, data=None, json=None):
        headers = {}
        if self.auth_token:
            headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self.auth_token}'
        return super().put(endpoint, data=data, json=json, headers=headers)
    def delete(self, endpoint):
        headers = {}
        if self.auth_token:
            headers['Authorization'] = f'Bearer {self.auth_token}'
        return super().delete(endpoint, headers=headers)
    def add_auth_token(self, token):
        self.auth_token = token
    def remove_auth_token(self):
        self.auth_token = None
# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":
    base_url = "https://api.example.com"
    auth_token = "your_auth_token_here"
    # 创建 RestApiRequest 实例
    api = RestApiRequest(base_url, auth_token)
    # 发送 GET 请求
    response = api.get("users")
    print(response.status_code)
    print(response.json())
    # 发送 POST 请求
    data = {"name": "Alice", "age": 30}
    response = api.post("users", json=data)
    print(response.status_code)
    print(response.json())