Deploying MySQL on Kubernetes with NFS Persistent Storage

This guide demonstrates how to deploy a MySQL 8.0.22 instance on a Kubernetes cluster using an NFS server for persistent storage.

First, pull the MySQL image on each node:

[root@node2 ~]# docker pull mysql:8.0.22
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull mysql:8.0.22

Create a PersistentVolume definition (nfs-pv.yaml) that points to the shared NFS directory and apply it:

[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f nfs-pv.yaml
persistentvolume/mysql created

Next, create a PersistentVolumeClaim (nfs-pvc.yaml) and apply it:

[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f nfs-pvc.yaml
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql created

Prepare the MySQL deployment manifest (mysql.yaml) that uses the PVC for storage:

apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: mysql
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: mysql
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: mysql
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: mysql:8.0.22
        name: mysql
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          value: 1234
        volumeMounts:
        - name: mysql-storage
          mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
      volumes:
      - name: mysql-storage
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: mysql-pvc

Apply the deployment: [root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f mysql.yaml Check that the MySQL pod is running:

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pod
NAME                     READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
mysql-6b8564f498-wd4m4  1/1     Running   0          44s
nginx-offi               1/1     Running   0          2d23h

Enter the MySQL pod and create a test table, insert a row, and query it:

[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it mysql-6b8564f498-wd4m4 -- mysql -uroot -p1234
mysql> create table student(
  stu_id int auto_increment,
  name char(29) not null,
  age int not null,
  register_date date,
  primary key (stu_id)
);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)
mysql> insert into student(name,age) values("sfqd",20);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from student;
+--------+------+-----+---------------+
| stu_id | name | age | register_date |
+--------+------+-----+---------------+
|      1 | sfqd |  20 | NULL          |
+--------+------+-----+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Finally, verify that the data files are present on the NFS server:

[root@bogon data]# ll