Eight Core Python Programming Concepts with Example Code

We will explore eight core Python programming concepts and provide multiple example codes.

Part 1: Basic Syntax

# integers, floats and strings
x = 5
y = 3.14
name = "John"

# lists, tuples, dictionaries and sets
my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_tuple = (4, 5, 6)
my_dict = {'name': 'John', 'age': 20}
my_set = {1, 2, 3}

Part 2: Control Flow

# conditional statements
if x > 0:
    print("x is positive")
elif x < 0:
    print("x is negative")
else:
    print("x is zero")

# for loop
for i in range(5):
    print(i)

# while loop
while x > 0:
    print(x)
    x -= 1

Part 3: Functions

# define function
def add(a, b):
    return a + b

# call function
result = add(3, 4)
print(result)

Part 4: Modules and Packages

# import module
import math

# use function from module
sqrt_value = math.sqrt(25)
print(sqrt_value)

# create custom module and package
# mymodule.py
def greet():
    print("Hello, from mymodule!")

# main.py
import mymodule
mymodule.greet()

Part 5: Exception Handling

try:
    result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Error: Division by zero")

Part 6: File Handling

# open file and read content
file = open('myfile.txt', 'r')
content = file.read()
print(content)
file.close()

# write to file
file = open('myfile.txt', 'w')
file.write("Hello, World!")
file.close()

Part 7: Iterators and Generators

# iterator
my_list = [1, 2, 3]
iter_obj = iter(my_list)
print(next(iter_obj))

# generator
def square_generator(n):
    for i in range(n):
        yield i**2

for num in square_generator(5):
    print(num)

Part 8: Object‑Oriented Programming

# class and object
class Person:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def greet(self):
        print(f"Hello, {self.name}!")

person = Person("John")
person.greet()

These code examples cover the basic concepts and usage for each section. You can expand and modify them as needed to further explore Python's features and capabilities.

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