Essential Linux Commands Every Engineer Should Master
This article provides a concise, illustrated guide to the most frequently used Linux commands—from basic syntax and directory handling to compression, networking, shell scripting, and vi editor shortcuts—helping readers quickly master essential operations on Linux servers or macOS terminals.
1. Basic Command Format
2. Listing Directory Contents
3. File Handling Commands
3.1 Create Directory
3.2 Change Directory
3.3 Delete Directory
3.4 Copy Directory
3.5 Move / Rename
3.6 Common Directory Uses
4. File Search Commands
4.1 locate
4.2 Command Search
4.3 File Search
5. Compression and Decompression Commands
5.1 zip
5.2 gz
5.3 tar
5.4 tar.gz
6. Shutdown and Reboot
7. View User Information
8. Shell Basics
8.1 What Is a Shell?
8.2 echo Command
8.3 Create a Script
9. History Commands
10. Output Redirection
11. Network Related Commands
11.1 ifconfig (view IP)
11.2 View Network Status
11.3 View Routing Table
11.4 Ping a Domain
ping www.baodu.com
12. vi Editor (vim)
12.1 vim Modes
12.2 Mode Switching
12.3 Command Mode
12.4 Bottom Line Mode
13. Common Shortcut Keys
14. Other Useful Tools
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