Essential Linux Commands Every Ops Engineer Should Master

In the previous article I introduced the overall knowledge structure of operations; now we dive into the essential Linux commands you need to master when working with CentOS.

1. File and Directory Commands

touch cp cd mv rm ls mkdir pwd file stat

2. Search and View Commands

which find whereis locate cat more less head tail iptables

3. Network and Process Commands

ifconfig ping traceroute route curl lsof tcpdump nmap top ps

4. Process Management Commands

kill pkill killall tree pstree nice bg fg jobs netstat

5. Installation and Package Commands

yum tar rpm useradd userdel usermod groupadd groupdel groupmod passwd

6. User Management Commands

who whoami su chmod chown last lastlog uname hostname vim

7. Disk Management Commands

fdisk du df wc mkfs mount umount parted sync history

8. System Management Commands

clear uptime xargs alias reboot halt sleep chattr lsattr free

9. Time Calculation Commands

let bc expr date ntpdate env set unset export print read

10. Environment Variable Commands

echo cut awk sed grep ulimit source sort seq ln

11. Compression and I/O Commands

zip unzip gzip bzip2 md5sum pgrep runlevel iftop iotop diff

12. Miscellaneous Commands

w chkconfig shutdown ssh scp crontab showmount

These commands form the core toolkit for Linux system administration; regular review and practical use will help embed them in memory and improve operational efficiency.