Flappy Bird Clone in Python with Pygame – Full Source Code and Tutorial

This tutorial demonstrates how to build a Flappy Bird‑style game in Python using the Pygame library. It starts with a brief introduction, explains the required dependencies, and then walks through the complete source code.

Dependencies : Python 3 and the pygame module (install via pip install pygame). The game runs on any platform that supports Pygame.

Code Overview : The program defines several classes— Bullet, Bird, Pipe, Stone —each inheriting from pygame.sprite.Sprite. Global constants configure screen size, physics parameters, and asset paths. Helper functions load images, convert time units, and manage level goals.

import math
import os
import time
from random import randint, uniform
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

FPS = 60
BK_WIDTH = 900  # background width
BK_HEIGHT = 650  # background height
PIPE_WIDTH = 80  # pipe width
PIPE_HEIGHT = 10  # pipe height (placeholder)
PIPE_HEAD_HEIGHT = 32
BK_MOVE_SPEED = 0.22
ADD_TIME = 2500
TOTAL_PIPE_BODY  = int(3/5 * BK_HEIGHT)
PIPE_RATE = 0.96
INITAL_SPEED = -0.37
BIRD_WIDTH = 50
BIRD_HEIGHT = 40
BIRD_INIT_SCORE  = 7
STONE_ADD_TIME = 1000
STONE_WIDTH = 40
STONE_HEIGHT = 30
STONE_LEVEL = 4
BUTTON_WIDTH = 140
BUTT0N_HEIGHT = 60
BULLET_SPEED = 0.32
BULLET_WIETH = 50
BULLET_HEIGHT = 30

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((BK_WIDTH,BK_HEIGHT))
pygame.mixer.init()
music_lose = pygame.mixer.Sound("lose.wav")
music1 = pygame.mixer.Sound("touch.wav")
pygame.mixer.music.load("bkm.mp3")
font = pygame.font.SysFont('comicsansms', 25)

# ... (rest of the source code defining classes, functions, game loop, settings, and main entry point) ...

The Bird class handles vertical motion using a simple physics model (gravity and initial upward speed). The Pipe and Stone classes generate obstacles that move leftward at a speed defined by BK_MOVE_SPEED. Collision detection uses pygame.sprite.collide_mask for pixel‑perfect accuracy.

The main game loop ( game_loop) updates the clock, processes user input (space or mouse click to flap, "p" to pause, "d" to fire a bullet), spawns new pipes and stones at timed intervals, checks for collisions, updates scores, and renders all sprites and UI elements each frame.

Level progression is managed by the level_goal function, which increases difficulty by adjusting pipe speed, spawn interval, and obstacle density. When the player reaches the required score, the game either advances to the next level or displays a victory message after level 6.

A separate setting screen lets the player choose difficulty presets (easy, normal, hard) by calling seteasy with different parameter lists, and also provides navigation back to the main menu.

Finally, the main function displays the start screen with "Play!", "Setting", and "Quit" buttons, each wired to the appropriate callbacks using the buttons helper.