How React Server Functions Enable Prototype Pollution RCE (CVE‑2025‑55182)
The article examines CVE‑2025‑55182, a critical prototype‑pollution vulnerability in React Server Functions that allows remote code execution in frameworks like Next.js, detailing the JSON payload injection using __proto__ or constructor.prototype, the serialization flaw, and the resulting impact on Node.js environments.
Why the video matters
The video is worth studying because modern web frameworks such as Next.js expose a security boundary between Server Components (RSC) and the client runtime that is vulnerable during serialization.
1. Vulnerability basics
CVE : CVE‑2025‑55182
Severity : Critical
Affected scope : Frameworks that integrate React Server Functions, especially certain versions of Next.js.
Vulnerability type : Prototype pollution leading to remote code execution (RCE).
2. Technical principle analysis
The root cause is that React does not correctly validate special properties when serializing data between the server and client, allowing crafted objects to modify the prototype chain.
Injection point : An attacker sends a specially crafted JSON payload to a server function.
Attack path :
The request contains a __proto__ or constructor.prototype property.
React’s server‑side logic parses the input and passes it to the server function, causing prototype pollution.
Because many core Node.js libraries and global objects rely on the prototype chain, the attacker can alter the behavior of global objects and achieve remote code execution.
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