How to Build a Reusable Backend Permission System with Spring Security

For backend admin systems, a permission feature is essential. Using the Mall e‑commerce project as an example, this guide explains the design and implementation of a generic permission system.

Feature Design

Before coding the permission module, the functional design is outlined, referencing the Mall project's existing UI mockups.

The system consists of four main functions: User Management, Role Management, Menu Management, and Resource Management.

User Management

Handles user information and role assignment.

Role Management

Manages role information, and assigns menus and resources to roles.

Menu Management

Manages menu information.

Resource Management

Manages resource information and categories.

Feature Organization

After functional design, the features are organized to determine data storage, table structures, and fields, illustrated by a mind‑map.

Database Design

Based on the mind‑map, the database tables for the permission module are designed.

API Design

With the preparations complete, code can be written to implement the permission module. API contracts are designed according to the UI mockups, e.g., the user management APIs.

Technical Points

The implementation leverages several key technologies:

Integration of Spring Security and JWT for authentication and authorization.

Dynamic permission control of interfaces via Spring Security.

Performance optimization using Redis combined with AOP.

Video Tutorial

A video series titled “Mall Video Tutorial (2023 Latest)” provides a visual walkthrough of the permission module design and implementation.

<code>mall学习教程-业务篇(24)
P035_业务篇_mall项目后端开发环境搭建
P036_业务篇_mall项目后端代码结构介绍_上篇
P037_业务篇_mall项目后端代码结构介绍_下篇
P038_业务篇_mall项目前端开发环境搭建_上篇
P039_业务篇_mall项目前端开发环境搭建_下篇
P040_业务篇_mall项目后台管理系统业务介绍
P041_业务篇_mall项目前台商城系统业务介绍
P042_业务篇_mall项目开发设计思路
P043_业务篇_权限模块数据库表解析
P044_业务篇_查找功能相关接口的一般思路
P045_业务篇_权限模块接口设计与实现_上篇
P046_业务篇_权限模块接口设计与实现_下篇
P047_业务篇_MybatisX插件的使用
P048_业务篇_Java 8 Stream API的使用
P049_业务篇_前后端分离项目解决跨域问题
P050_业务篇_结合Spring Security实现接口的动态权限控制
P051_业务篇_SpringBoot应用中使用AOP记录接口访问日志
P052_业务篇_使用Redis+AOP优化权限管理功能
P053_业务篇_SpringBoot中处理校验逻辑的两种方式_上篇
P054_业务篇_SpringBoot中处理校验逻辑的两种方式_下篇、
P055_业务篇_商品模块数据库表解析（一）
P056_业务篇_商品模块数据库表解析（二）
P057_业务篇_商品模块接口设计与实现_上篇
P058_业务篇_商品模块接口设计与实现_下篇</code>

Conclusion

Developing a functional module typically involves functional design, organization, database schema creation, and API design, while addressing technical challenges. Mastering these generic design steps makes building permission modules straightforward.

Project Source Code

https://github.com/macrozheng/mall