Master SkyWalking: End‑to‑End Guide to Distributed Tracing, Setup & Monitoring

What is SkyWalking?

SkyWalking is a Chinese open‑source APM framework launched in 2015 by Wu Sheng and entered the Apache incubator in 2017. It supports Dubbo, Spring Cloud, Spring Boot, provides non‑intrusive bytecode‑enhancement agents, GRPC communication, JVM monitoring, alarm, and global call statistics.

How to choose between SkyWalking and Spring Cloud Sleuth + Zipkin?

SkyWalking offers bytecode‑enhancement for zero‑intrusion and richer UI and reporting features compared with the more invasive Zipkin approach.

SkyWalking architecture

It consists of four main components: Agent (collects trace data), OAP server (analysis, storage, query), UI (web console), and Storage (supports multiple back‑ends).

Server setup

Download the desired version (e.g., 8.7.0) from the official site, unzip and note the directory layout:

agent – client‑side agent jar

bin – startup scripts

config – configuration files

logs – OAP logs

oap‑libs – OAP dependencies

webapp – UI files

Configuration changes

Modify

/config/application.yml

to use Nacos as the registry and adjust Nacos settings. Change

webapp/webapp.yml

to set the UI port (e.g., 8888).

Start services

Run

oapService.bat

(or

.sh

) and

webappService.bat

, or use the provided

startup.bat

to launch both.

Client setup

Add the SkyWalking agent to each microservice via JVM arguments:

-javaagent:E:\springcloud\apache-skywalking-apm-es7-8.7.0\apache-skywalking-apm-bin-es7\agent\skywalking-agent.jar
-Dskywalking.agent.service_name=skywalking-product-service
-Dskywalking.collector.backend_service=127.0.0.1:11800

Ensure the agent JAR path contains no spaces or non‑ASCII characters.

Persisting data

By default SkyWalking stores data in memory; to use MySQL, change

config/application.yml

storage type to MySQL and add the JDBC driver JAR to

oap‑libs

. The tables are created automatically on startup.

Log monitoring

SkyWalking can collect logs from Logback (or Log4j). Add the

apm-toolkit-logback-1.x

dependency and a

logback‑spring.xml

configuration file as shown in the official documentation.

Performance profiling

Create an endpoint (e.g.,

/order/list

) that sleeps for two seconds, then use the “Performance Profiling” module to trace the slow call and view the stack information.

Alerting

SkyWalking provides default alarm rules (e.g., average response time > 1 s). Rules are defined in

config/alarm-settings.yml

and can be extended with webhooks to send notifications via email, WeChat, or DingTalk.

Summary

This article introduced SkyWalking as a distributed tracing solution, covering server and client deployment, data persistence, log collection, performance analysis, and alert configuration.