May 2024 TIOBE Programming Language Index: Python Leads, C/C++ Decline, PHP Hits Historic Low
The May 2024 TIOBE index shows an unchanged Top 5 with Python as the sole language gaining market share, while C and C++ fall due to memory‑safety concerns and PHP drops to a historic low amid competition from modern web frameworks.
May 2024 TIOBE Programming Language Index released, showing the Top 5 unchanged: Python, C, C++, Java, and C#.
Python remains the only language with positive growth, up 0.78% to a 16.41% market share, driven by its simple syntax, extensive libraries, and strong presence in data science, artificial intelligence, and scientific computing.
C and C++ saw declines, with C falling from 11.17% to 10.21% and C++ from 10.7% to 9.76%, reflecting policy impacts and memory‑safety concerns despite advocacy from language experts.
PHP dropped to its lowest historical position in the Top 20, attributed to competition from modern web frameworks such as Rails, Django, and React, as well as security issues, though it still powers many small‑to‑medium sites and WordPress.
Other programming languages ranked 21‑50 are listed in the accompanying chart.
Historical rankings (1988‑2024) and a “celebrity” list of languages (2003‑2023) are illustrated in the included images.
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