PHP mkdir() Function: Syntax, Parameters, Return Values, and Usage Examples

mkdir() creates a new directory specified by $pathname with optional mode, recursive creation, and context parameters.

Signature:

bool mkdir(string $pathname, int $mode = 0777, bool $recursive = false, resource $context)

Parameters:

pathname : The path of the directory to create.

mode : Permissions for the new directory (default 0777, representing the most permissive access).

recursive : When true, allows creation of nested directories specified in the pathname.

context : Optional stream context resource.

Return value: Returns TRUE on success, or FALSE on failure.

Example 1 – Simple directory creation:

<?php
mkdir("/path/to/my/dir", 0700);
?>

Example 2 – Creating nested directories with error handling:

<?php
$structure = './depth1/depth2/depth3/';
if (!mkdir($structure, 0, true)) {
    die('Failed to create folders...');
}
?>

These examples illustrate how to use mkdir() for both single-level and multi-level directory creation in PHP scripts.