Refactoring a High‑Concurrency Web Order System: Challenges and Solutions

Web order systems are familiar, but handling high concurrency—tens of thousands of requests per second—poses a major technical test, making system optimization and stability essential.

1. High‑concurrency challenge: speed. The goal is to return results to users as quickly as possible. Recommended practices include asynchronous writes (lagged feedback), discarding expired requests, and avoiding slow endpoints that consume connections, thereby preventing an avalanche effect where a single failing server overloads the rest.

2. Large system, small work. Apply object‑oriented principles and decompose the system into layers, modules, and services. This “divide and conquer” approach yields a clear hierarchy, simple components, and maximizes extensibility, maintainability, and control.

3. Reducing database pressure. (1) Minimize database access by handling logic in the service layer, using caches, and avoiding repeated or unnecessary queries. (2) Distribute database load through physical or logical sharding, table partitioning, etc. (3) Eliminate transactions and joins, moving such logic to the application to enable parallel scaling and lower expansion costs.

For readers interested in joining the technical team, additional recruitment information is available via the original article link.