Top 5 Emerging Programming Languages to Learn in 2023

Based on the popularity of C++, Python and Java, a new generation of programming languages and architectures has emerged, aiming to improve speed, provide a friendly learning curve, and enable scalable breakthroughs.

Here are the five new programming languages worth learning in 2023:

Pony

Pony is an open‑source, object‑oriented, actor‑model, memory‑safe high‑performance language. It solves complex concurrency problems by using the actor model, reference capabilities, garbage collection and type safety, eliminating data races without locks.

actor Main
new create(env: Env) =>
    env.out.print("Hello, world!")

Current limitations include an unstable API, a lack of high‑quality third‑party libraries, and missing native tooling. Contributions are welcome on GitHub.

Dart

Dart, developed by Google, is a C‑style language with syntax similar to JavaScript. It can be compiled to JavaScript, Android Java, native machine code, or run on its own VM. Dart excels at event‑driven UI development with hot‑reload for instant feedback.

var name = 'Voyager I';
var year = 1977;
var antennaDiameter = 3.7;
var flybyObjects = ['Jupiter', 'Saturn', 'Uranus', 'Neptune'];
var image = {
  'tags': ['saturn'],
  'url': '//path/to/saturn.jpg'
};

PureScript

PureScript is a purely functional language that compiles to JavaScript, closely resembling Haskell. It supports algebraic data types, pattern matching, and type classes, making it ideal for web and server‑side applications.

import Prelude
import Effect.Console (log)

greet :: String -> String
greet name = "Hello, " <> name <> "!"

main = log (greet "World")

Its expressive type system reduces the need for explicit annotations and offers seamless interop with other JavaScript‑targeted languages.

F#

F# is an open‑source, cross‑platform functional language that blends the simplicity of Python with the power of C# and Java. It eliminates the need for semicolons and braces, making list processing and complex type definitions easier.

// Define a new function to print a name.
let printGreeting name =
    printfn $"Hello {name} from F#!"

// Call your new function!
printGreeting "Ana"

Because F# is a hybrid language, it integrates well with databases, web frameworks, and .NET ecosystems, offering a robust type system that boosts developer confidence.

Crystal

Crystal is an object‑oriented language inspired by Ruby’s concise syntax, with static typing that catches errors early. Its built‑in type inference and efficient concurrency allow developers to write high‑performance, memory‑safe code.

message = "Hello World"
if message.starts_with?("Hello")
  puts "Hello to you, too!"
end

May your 2023 learning journey be enjoyable!