Unlock Linux Filesystem Secrets: A Complete Guide to Core Directories

This article is compiled from various online sources.

Reference URLs:

http://www.hudong.com/wiki/linux%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84

http://linux.ccidnet.com/art/3067/20070315/1037337_1.html

http://os.51cto.com/art/200802/65783.htm

http://www.iteye.com/topic/1125162

1. Tree Directory Structure Diagram

2. / Directory

3. /etc Directory

Configuration files specific to the host system.

4. /usr Directory

Default software is stored here. It holds read‑only user data, including most user tools and applications.

5. /var Directory

/var contains data that changes during normal system operation and is not shared over the network.

6. /proc Directory

A virtual filesystem that presents kernel and process information as text files; system information such as uptime and network status is stored here. Files are read‑only, even for root.

7. /dev Directory

Device files are stored here, divided into block devices (b) and character devices (c). Common device files are described.