Useful Bash Scripts for Disk Partitioning and LVM Management

1. Create a primary partition and format it as ext4 or XFS

The first script guides the user through interactive prompts to select a target disk (e.g., /dev/sda), verify its existence, and specify partition parameters such as partition number, start sector, and size. It then uses fdisk with a here‑document to create the partition, runs partprobe, and displays the new partition table.

After the partition is created, the script asks the user to choose a filesystem type (ext4 or XFS). Depending on the choice, it formats the new partition with mkfs.ext4 or mkfs.xfs, creates a mount point under /mnt/ if needed, updates /etc/fstab (adding a new line or replacing an existing one with sed), mounts the filesystem, and finally runs df -Th to show the result.

#! /bin/bash
# Function:对硬盘进行分区,得到一个标准的linux文件系统(ext4/xfs)的分区
cat /proc/partitions > old
read -p "请输入你要分区的硬盘(写绝对路径，如：/dev/sda)：" A
if [ -e $A ]; then
  echo "true"
else
  echo "该设备不存在！！"
  exit
fi
read -p "请输入你要创建的磁盘分区类型(这里只能是主分区，默认按回车即可):" B
read -p "请输入分区数字，范围1-4，默认从1开始，默认按回车即可：" C
read -p "请输入扇区起始表号，默认按回车即可：" D
read -p "请输入你要分区的分区大小(格式：如 +5G )：" E
fdisk $A << EOF
n
p
$C
$D
$E
w
EOF
echo "一个标准的linux文件系统的分区已经建立好！！"
partprobe $A
echo "-------------------------------"
cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/partitions > new
F=`diff new old | grep "<" | awk '{print $5}'`
echo "-------------------------------"
echo $F
echo "你想对新分区设定什么类型的文件系统？有以下选项："
echo "A：ext4文件系统"
echo "B：xfs文件系统"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" G
case $G in
  a|A)
    mkfs.ext4 /dev/$F
    echo "该分区将被挂载在 "/mnt/$F" 下"
    m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
    if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
      mkdir /mnt/$F
    fi
    n=`cat /etc/fstab | grep /dev/$F| wc -l`
    if [ $n -eq 0 ]; then
      echo "/dev/$F    /mnt/$F    ext4         defaults      0      0" >> /etc/fstab
    else
      sed -i '/^\/dev\/$F/c\/dev/$F     /mnt/$F     ext4         defaults      0      0' /etc/fstab
    fi
    mount -a
    df -Th
    ;;
  b|B)
    mkfs.xfs -f /dev/$F
    echo "该分区将被挂载在 "/mnt/$F" 下"
    m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
    if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
      mkdir /mnt/$F
    fi
    n=`cat /etc/fstab | grep /dev/$F| wc -l`
    if [ $n -eq 0 ]; then
      echo "/dev/$F    /mnt/$F    xfs          defaults      0      0" >> /etc/fstab
    else
      sed -i '/^\/dev\/$F/c\/dev/$F     /mnt/$F     xfs          defaults      0      0' /etc/fstab
    fi
    mount -a
    df -Th
    ;;
  *)
    echo "你的输入有误！！"
    ;;
esac

2. Use an entire disk to create an LVM logical volume

The second script asks for a whole disk, verifies it, and then creates a physical volume with pvcreate. It creates a volume group named myvg, reports the free space, and prompts for the size of a new logical volume. After creating the LV with lvcreate, it again offers a choice between ext4 and XFS, formats the LV, creates a mount point, updates /etc/fstab, mounts, and displays usage.

#!/bin/bash
# Function:使用一整块硬盘创建LVM逻辑卷
read -p "请输入你要做成逻辑卷的硬盘(写绝对路径，如：/dev/sda)：" path
if [ -e $path ]; then
  echo "true"
else
  echo "该设备不存在！！"
  exit
fi
pvcreate $path
echo "该硬盘已做成物理卷！"
vgcreate myvg $path
echo "该物理卷已加入卷组 myvg 中"
vgs
free=`vgs| awk '$1~/myvg/{print}'|awk '{print $6}'`
echo "该物理卷剩余的空间大小为：$free "
read -p "请输入你要创建逻辑卷的大小(如：1G)：" repy2
lvcreate -L $repy2 -n mylv myvg
echo "已成功创建逻辑卷mylv"
echo "------------------------"
lvs
echo "------------------------"
echo "你想对新分区设定什么类型的文件系统？有以下选项："
echo "A：ext4文件系统"
echo "B：xfs文件系统"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" repy3
case $repy3 in
  a|A)
    mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
    echo "该分区将被挂载在 "/mnt/mylv" 下"
    m=`ls /mnt/|grep mylv | wc -l`
    if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
      mkdir /mnt/mylv
    fi
    echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/mylv     ext4         defaults      0      0" >> /etc/fstab
    mount -a
    df -Th
    ;;
  b|B)
    mkfs.xfs -f /dev/myvg/mylv
    echo "该分区将被挂载在 "/mnt/mylv" 下"
    m=`ls /mnt/|grep mylv | wc -l`
    if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
      mkdir /mnt/mylv
    fi
    echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/mylv     xfs          defaults      0      0" >> /etc/fstab
    mount -a
    df -Th
    ;;
  *)
    echo "你的输入有误！！"
    ;;
esac

3. Partition a disk and then turn the partition into an LVM logical volume

The third script combines the previous two approaches. It partitions a specified disk, marks the new partition with type 8e (Linux LVM), creates a physical volume on that partition, adds it to a volume group myvg (creating or extending the group as needed), and then creates a logical volume. The user again selects the filesystem type, formats, mounts, and updates /etc/fstab.

#! /bin/bash
# Author:谢公子
# Date:2018-10-13
# Function:新建一个分区，并做成逻辑卷
cat /proc/partitions > old
read -p "请输入你要分区的硬盘(写绝对路径，如：/dev/sda)：" A
if [ -e $A ]; then
  echo "true"
else
  echo "该设备不存在！！"
  exit
fi
read -p "请输入你要创建的磁盘分区类型(这里只能是主分区，默认按回车即可):" B
read -p "请输入分区数字，范围1-4，默认从1开始，默认按回车即可：" C
read -p "请输入扇区起始表号，默认按回车即可：" D
read -p "请输入你要分区的分区大小(格式：如 +5G )：" E
read -p "请输入你要划分为逻辑卷的分区盘符(默认回车即可)：" Z
fdisk $A << EOF
n
p
$C
$D
$E
t
$Z
8e
p
w
EOF
echo "一个标准LVM的分区已经建立好！！"
partprobe $A
echo "-------------------------------"
cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/partitions > new
F=`diff new old | grep "<" | awk '{print $5}'`
echo "-------------------------------"
echo $F
pvcreate /dev/$F
echo "该硬盘已做成物理卷！"
n=`vgs | grep myvg |wc -l`
if [ $n -eq 0 ]; then
   vgcreate myvg /dev/$F
echo "该物理卷已加入卷组myvg中"
else
   vgextend myvg /dev/$F
echo "该物理卷已加入卷组myvg中"
   vgs
fi
free=`vgs| awk '$1~/myvg/{print}'|awk '{print $7}'`
echo "该卷组剩余的空间大小为：$free "
read -p "请输入你要创建逻辑卷的大小(如：1G)：" repy2
lvcreate -L $repy2 -n mylv myvg
echo "已成功创建逻辑卷mylv"
echo "------------------------"
lvs
echo "------------------------"
echo "你想对新分区设定什么类型的文件系统？有以下选项："
echo "A：ext4文件系统"
echo "B：xfs文件系统"
read -p "请输入你的选择：" G
case $G in
  a|A)
    mkfs.ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv
    echo "该分区将被挂载在 "/mnt/$F" 下"
    m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
    if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
      mkdir /mnt/$F
    fi
    echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/$F     ext4         defaults      0      0" >> /etc/fstab
    mount -a
    df -Th
    ;;
  b|B)
    mkfs.xfs -f /dev/myvg/mylv
    echo "该分区将被挂载在 "/mnt/$F" 下"
    m=`ls /mnt/|grep $F | wc -l`
    if [ $m -eq 0 ]; then
      mkdir /mnt/$F
    fi
    echo "/dev/myvg/mylv     /mnt/$F     xfs          defaults      0      0" >> /etc/fstab
    mount -a
    df -Th
    ;;
  *)
    echo "你的输入有误！！"
    ;;
esac

All three scripts follow the same pattern: gather user input, validate devices, perform partitioning or LVM commands, format the resulting block device, ensure a mount point exists, update /etc/fstab for persistent mounting, and finally mount and display the filesystem status.