From BIO to Async IO: Evolving Thread Models for Million‑QPS Servers
An online gateway crashed despite low CPU and memory because its one‑connection‑one‑thread BIO model exhausted threads, prompting a deep dive into thread‑pool limits, epoll, Reactor patterns, Proactor, and back‑pressure, showing how each evolution decouples connections from resource consumption to achieve million‑QPS scalability.
