Frontline Investigation

Aug 5, 2026 · Information Security

Why Authorization Is the Hardest Step in Digital Services Despite Effortless Logins

This article argues that while user authentication has become frictionless, authorization remains the critical challenge in digital services, proposing a three-layer framework—identity, authorization, and execution—to separate concerns, citing China's 2025 Network Identity Authentication Measures as a policy shift toward minimal data collection and verifiable accountability.