Why TCP Uses a Three‑Way Handshake and a Four‑Step Teardown

This article explains TCP fundamentals, detailing the three‑way handshake and four‑step connection termination, the purpose of each flag and state transition, and why three handshakes and four teardowns are required, including the role of the TIME_WAIT state.

TCPTIME_WAITfour-step termination

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Why TCP Uses a Three‑Way Handshake and a Four‑Step Teardown