This article explains the core concepts of Linux Virtual Server (LVS), details its four operating modes—NAT, Direct Routing, TUN, and FULLNAT—and provides step‑by‑step configuration guidance, including ARP handling and kernel parameter tweaks for reliable load balancing.
This guide explains the core concepts of Linux Virtual Server (LVS), detailing its key components, client request flow, and the four operating modes—NAT, Direct Routing, TUN, and FULLNAT—along with practical ARP handling and mode‑by‑mode comparisons for effective load balancing.
This article explains the Linux Virtual Server (LVS) load‑balancing architecture, defines key terms such as VS, RS, VIP, DIP, and CIP, and details the four operating modes—NAT, DR, TUN, and FULLNAT—including their workflows, configuration steps, and practical considerations.
This article explains the background, overall architecture, and detailed design and implementation of PrivateLink and ClassicLink gateways within a cloud VPC environment, covering their control and forwarding planes, workflow steps, and future optimization plans.
This article explains the inner workings of Linux Virtual Server (LVS) load balancing, covering its NAT, Direct Router (DR), and FullNAT modes, the packet‑level transformations, required network configurations, and the trade‑offs that determine when each mode should be used.
This article explains how to build a reliable, high‑performance load‑balancing platform by analyzing basic reliability requirements, introducing multi‑layer (DNS, L4, L7) balancing, comparing Direct‑Route, Tunnel and FULLNAT modes, and describing the VGW architecture, health‑check, fault isolation, redundancy and DPDK‑based performance optimizations.
This article explains the need for reliable load balancing in large‑scale services, analyzes the problems of request distribution and fault isolation, and details the design of a three‑layer and four‑layer load‑balancing architecture—including DNS, Nginx, LVS, FULLNAT, and VGW—along with health‑check, redundancy, and performance optimization techniques.
This article explains how two computers locate each other on the Internet using IP, MAC, and port numbers, details the ARP protocol and routing table lookup, and then examines LVS load‑balancing mechanisms, comparing NAT and FULLNAT models and their packet‑translation processes.
The article presents ContainerLB, a software‑defined L4 load‑balancing service built on Intel DPDK and X86 servers for JD.com, detailing its architecture, FULLNAT mode, high‑availability design, performance optimizations, and test results that demonstrate near‑line‑rate packet processing and scalable deployment in a container‑native data‑center.
This article explains how 360’s Linux Virtual Server (LVS) platform evolved with the FULLNAT forwarding mode, enhancing cross‑VLAN deployment, simplifying real‑server configuration, adding SYN‑proxy protection, and improving UDP handling, while detailing the new deployment architecture and operational benefits.
The article describes the motivation, architecture, FullNat forwarding process, high‑availability mechanisms, and performance‑optimizing techniques of TVS, a custom four‑layer load‑balancing platform built to overcome LVS limitations and meet the company’s demanding traffic and reliability requirements.
This article explains how 360’s Linux Virtual Server (LVS) platform has progressed over six years, introducing the FULLNAT forwarding mode, Syn‑Proxy attack protection, a new UDP‑friendly tunnel design, and an enhanced redundant deployment architecture to improve performance, security, and scalability.
