Digital Deification

Oct 11, 2026 · Fundamentals

Ontology Selection for Manufacturing: 12 Standards Decision Matrix & Implementation Roadmap

This article provides a decision matrix for selecting among 12 manufacturing ontology standards (BFO, STEP, AAS, GS1, ISO 15926), recommends toolchains (Protégé, Owlready2, PoolParty, Stardog), outlines a three-phase implementation roadmap, highlights six common pitfalls, and references Chinese case studies from Haier, CATL, Midea, and CRRC.