IM | BestHub

Architecture & Thinking

Mar 15, 2024 · Backend Development

Why RPC Is Essential for Building Scalable IM Clusters: A Beginner’s Guide

This article explains the fundamentals of Remote Procedure Call (RPC), why it is crucial for developing production‑grade instant‑messaging clusters, how it differs from plain HTTP, the typical RPC call flow, common frameworks such as gRPC, Thrift and Dubbo, and practical considerations for high‑throughput distributed systems.

IMRPCbackend development

0 likes · 12 min read

Why RPC Is Essential for Building Scalable IM Clusters: A Beginner’s Guide

DeWu Technology

Oct 16, 2023 · Backend Development

Technical and Design Considerations for Customer Service IM Message Delivery

The article examines the end‑to‑end technical and design challenges of delivering a single customer‑service instant‑message, detailing reliability, ordering, idempotency, performance optimizations such as async handling and binary‑search traversal, security practices, latency reductions via Protocol Buffers, and a roadmap for future enhancements.

IMMessage ReliabilityProtobuf

0 likes · 20 min read

Technical and Design Considerations for Customer Service IM Message Delivery

HomeTech

Dec 6, 2022 · Backend Development

Design and Optimization of a High‑Performance IM Instant Messaging Platform

This article details the architectural decisions, network protocol choices, message framing strategies, and server‑level optimizations—including Netty adoption, TCP handling, token management, load balancing, NIC queue configuration, and CPU affinity—that enable a scalable, low‑latency instant messaging service supporting millions of concurrent connections.

IMInstant MessagingNetty

0 likes · 19 min read

Design and Optimization of a High‑Performance IM Instant Messaging Platform

DeWu Technology

Jul 20, 2022 · Frontend Development

Design and Implementation of a Custom Customer‑Service IM SDK

The article explains why a custom instant‑messaging SDK was built for a customer‑service web client, outlines its three‑layer architecture (WebSocket/gRPC network, RxJS‑driven data‑link, and application logic), and details reliability features such as ACKs, retries, deduplication, and ordering to improve performance, stability, and scalability.

IMMessage ReliabilityRxJS

0 likes · 14 min read

Design and Implementation of a Custom Customer‑Service IM SDK

Beike Product & Technology

Jan 27, 2022 · Backend Development

Performance Optimization of Beike IM: Scaling Group Chat to Over 300 QPS

This article details how the Beike instant‑messaging system was analyzed, bottlenecks identified, and a series of backend optimizations—including business isolation, increased concurrency, computation reduction, and Redis connection‑pool redesign—were applied to boost 300‑person group‑chat throughput from 15 QPS to over 320 QPS, achieving more than a twenty‑fold performance gain.

GoIMMessaging

0 likes · 12 min read

Performance Optimization of Beike IM: Scaling Group Chat to Over 300 QPS

Xianyu Technology

Jun 17, 2021 · Mobile Development

Flutter-based IM Architecture Redesign for Xianyu

The Xianyu instant‑messaging system, burdened by years of technical debt, was rebuilt with a Flutter‑centric, four‑layer architecture that shares FlutterEngine instances, introduces an entity cache and custom ORM, simplifies synchronization, and delivers up to 40 MB memory savings, lower power use, reduced CPU load and roughly half the development and testing effort.

DatabaseFlutterIM

0 likes · 11 min read

Flutter-based IM Architecture Redesign for Xianyu

Ctrip Technology

Apr 29, 2021 · Backend Development

Evolution of Ctrip’s Office IM and the Architecture of the TripPal Open Platform

This article chronicles the development of Ctrip’s internal office IM from its 2016 inception to the current TripPal open platform, detailing its architectural evolution, high‑availability and performance optimizations across gateway, identity, microservice, and IM layers, and outlines future directions for open‑platform services.

High AvailabilityIMOpen Platform

0 likes · 14 min read

Evolution of Ctrip’s Office IM and the Architecture of the TripPal Open Platform

Zhuanzhuan Tech

Feb 26, 2021 · Backend Development

Design and Architecture of a High‑Availability Instant Messaging System

This article explains the overall architecture, data structures, login and messaging flows, common real‑time, reliability and consistency challenges, and high‑availability and high‑concurrency techniques used in a production instant‑messaging service.

Data FlowHigh AvailabilityIM

0 likes · 13 min read

Design and Architecture of a High‑Availability Instant Messaging System

Xianyu Technology

Jan 21, 2021 · Backend Development

Optimizing Online IM Channel Stability in Xianyu

Xianyu improved its online IM channel stability by adding heartbeat‑based connection monitoring, rapid reconnection, ACK‑driven retry queues stored in Alibaba Cloud Table Store, and adaptive delay strategies, which together cut ACC compensation arrival time by 75% (from 60 to 15 minutes) and dramatically reduced user complaints.

IMLong ConnectionMessage Retransmission

0 likes · 14 min read

Optimizing Online IM Channel Stability in Xianyu

Xianyu Technology

Nov 10, 2020 · Backend Development

Optimizing Data Synchronization for Xianyu IM: Layered Architecture and Performance Improvements

Xianyu IM’s data‑sync was re‑engineered by extracting a dedicated sync layer that uses domain‑based versioning, push‑pull hybrid buffering, and priority queues, decoupling business logic, eliminating redundant pushes, and achieving a 31% latency reduction and 35% traffic savings while enabling dynamic priority adjustments.

Data SynchronizationIMbackend

0 likes · 10 min read

Optimizing Data Synchronization for Xianyu IM: Layered Architecture and Performance Improvements

Architecture Digest

Jan 31, 2020 · Backend Development

Design and Optimization of Large‑Scale Instant Messaging Backend Architecture

This article analyses the architecture of high‑traffic instant‑messaging services such as WeChat and Momo, detailing long‑connection handling, short‑vs‑long HTTP/TCP protocols, custom binary messaging, smart routing, load‑balancing, sharding, replication, and the engineering trade‑offs required for massive scalability and reliability.

IMProtocolbackend

0 likes · 12 min read

Design and Optimization of Large‑Scale Instant Messaging Backend Architecture

58 Tech

Dec 13, 2019 · Mobile Development

Refactoring the IM Module: Layered Architecture, Parallel Development and Business‑Line Splitting

This article describes the redesign of a large‑scale Android instant‑messaging (IM) module, detailing the shortcomings of the original architecture, the new three‑layer framework, the split‑converter for parallel business‑line development, component‑based UI design, and the design‑pattern techniques used to achieve a maintainable, extensible solution.

AndroidIMParallel Development

0 likes · 16 min read

Refactoring the IM Module: Layered Architecture, Parallel Development and Business‑Line Splitting

58 Tech

Dec 4, 2019 · Backend Development

Design and Practice of Billion‑User IM Long‑Connection Service at 58.com

The article summarizes the second 58.com instant‑messaging technology salon, detailing the architecture, high‑performance long‑connection design, multi‑thread socket models, read‑write diffusion storage strategies for single‑ and group‑chat, message synchronization mechanisms, and the IM SDK framework for audio‑video communication.

Audio-VideoIMLong Connection

0 likes · 20 min read

Design and Practice of Billion‑User IM Long‑Connection Service at 58.com

High Availability Architecture

Oct 22, 2019 · Backend Development

Ensuring In-Order Delivery of IM Messages: Causes and Solutions

This article analyzes why instant‑messaging (IM) messages can arrive out of order due to time discrepancies, network behavior, and multithreading, and proposes a comprehensive design using global sequence numbers, channel‑aware routing, client‑side caching, and ACK‑based flow control to guarantee ordered delivery.

IMbackenddistributed systems

0 likes · 9 min read

Ensuring In-Order Delivery of IM Messages: Causes and Solutions

Architecture Digest

Sep 17, 2019 · Backend Development

Evolution and Refactoring of the Mafengwo IM System: From PHP 1.0 to Go‑Based Microservices

The article details the step‑by‑step architectural evolution of Mafengwo's instant‑messaging platform—from an initial PHP‑based monolith, through polling optimizations with OpenResty, to a Go‑implemented, micro‑service‑oriented design that improves scalability, reliability, and multi‑device synchronization.

GoIMMessaging

0 likes · 14 min read

Evolution and Refactoring of the Mafengwo IM System: From PHP 1.0 to Go‑Based Microservices

Java Captain

Sep 3, 2019 · Backend Development

Getting Started with Bitchat: A Netty‑Based Instant Messaging Framework

This guide introduces Bitchat, a Netty‑based IM framework, showing how to start the server and client, use built‑in commands for login, user listing and private messaging, explains its architecture, custom protocol, health‑check mechanisms, and how to handle business logic with asynchronous thread pools.

ClientIMJava

0 likes · 12 min read

Getting Started with Bitchat: A Netty‑Based Instant Messaging Framework

Architecture Digest

Jun 21, 2019 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of a High‑Availability Scalable IM Group‑Chat Messaging System

This article presents a comprehensive design and implementation of a high‑availability, horizontally scalable instant‑messaging group‑chat system, detailing its architecture, component interactions, scaling strategies, reliability mechanisms, and extensions for offline and single‑chat messaging.

Group ChatIMbackend

0 likes · 48 min read

Design and Implementation of a High‑Availability Scalable IM Group‑Chat Messaging System

Architecture Digest

Apr 4, 2019 · Backend Development

Design and Implementation of a Modern IM Message Synchronization and Storage Architecture Using the TableStore Timeline Model

This article explains the evolution from traditional to modern instant‑messaging system architectures, introduces a Timeline logical model for message sync and storage, discusses read‑ and write‑diffusion strategies, evaluates database requirements, and demonstrates a TableStore‑based implementation with sample code.

IMMessage SynchronizationTablestore

0 likes · 14 min read

Design and Implementation of a Modern IM Message Synchronization and Storage Architecture Using the TableStore Timeline Model

58 Tech

Sep 19, 2018 · Backend Development

Design and Optimization of MicroChat Backend Architecture for Multi-Device Message Synchronization

The article explains the MicroChat instant‑messaging backend architecture, detailing its long‑connection, access, logic, and storage layers, and describes how message synchronization, offline handling, hole‑filling, unread count roaming, and read receipts are implemented and optimized for multi‑device use.

IMMessage Synchronizationbackend architecture

0 likes · 15 min read

Architect

May 4, 2015 · Backend Development

Ensuring Reliable Message Delivery in Web IM Systems: The Six‑Message Ack Protocol

This article explains how web instant‑messaging systems achieve reliable, non‑lost and non‑duplicate message delivery by using a six‑message protocol (msg R/A/N and ack R/A/N), timeout‑based retransmission, and deduplication mechanisms.

Ack ProtocolIMMessage Delivery

0 likes · 8 min read

Ensuring Reliable Message Delivery in Web IM Systems: The Six‑Message Ack Protocol