21CTO

Feb 24, 2025 · Artificial Intelligence

From Transformers to DeepSeek-R1: Evolution of Large Language Models

Since the 2017 introduction of the Transformer architecture, this article chronicles the rapid development of large language models—including BERT, GPT series, multimodal systems, and the cost‑effective DeepSeek‑R1—highlighting key innovations, scaling trends, alignment techniques, and their transformative impact across AI research and industry.