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This article explains the classic MVC three‑tier architecture, identifies its drawbacks such as bloated service code and long‑running transactions, and proposes adding a Manager layer to separate generic business processing, improve code maintainability, and enhance performance in Java backend systems.
The article explains the classic three‑layer MVC pattern, its shortcomings in complex Java projects, and proposes adding a Manager layer to separate generic business processing, reduce transaction scope, and improve code organization, illustrated with Spring‑based code examples.
The article discusses common pitfalls in application layering, presents Alibaba's clear multi‑layer architecture—including Open Interface, Terminal Display, Web, Service, Manager, and DAO layers—offers an optimized layering model with Thrift, explains domain model conversions, and provides practical recommendations for maintainable backend design.