macrozheng

Sep 19, 2025 · Databases

Master Database Sharding: Solving Read Diffusion with Range and Modulo Strategies

This article explains why large MySQL tables degrade performance, introduces vertical and horizontal sharding techniques—including range‑based and modulo‑based partitioning—covers the read‑diffusion problem caused by non‑sharding keys, and presents practical solutions such as auxiliary index tables, Elasticsearch integration, and TiDB as a distributed alternative.