This article explains the Java Virtual Machine's two subsystems—Class Loader and Execution Engine—and its two main components—Runtime Data Area and Native Interface—detailing their functions, internal structures, and the overall execution workflow of Java programs.
Facing heavy GC overhead and slow model inference in a Java compute service, the authors explore using Java Native Interface to offload file loading and regression calculations to C++, detailing environment setup, Maven integration, native method implementation, common pitfalls, performance testing with JMH, and achieving up to 80% latency reduction.
This article explains how to access native C/C++ functions and complex structures from Java using JNI, JNA, and SWIG, compares their trade‑offs, provides type‑mapping tables, detailed code examples for struct definitions, passing, and callbacks, and offers practical tips for reliable cross‑language integration.
