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OSI

5 articles · Page 1 of 1
YiSu Grain
YiSu Grain
Jul 27, 2026 · Fundamentals

Why 10 Gbps Hospital Networks Still Lag – OSI, TCP/UDP, QoS & High‑Availability Explained

Even with a 10 Gbps backbone, hospital networks can still suffer latency, jitter, packet loss and outages; this article walks through why layering (OSI/TCP‑IP), choosing TCP or UDP, applying QoS metrics, designing a three‑tier campus network and implementing five‑layer high‑availability to meet reliability, latency and continuity requirements.

High AvailabilityNetwork ArchitectureOSI
0 likes · 23 min read
Why 10 Gbps Hospital Networks Still Lag – OSI, TCP/UDP, QoS & High‑Availability Explained
21CTO
21CTO
May 1, 2026 · Industry Insights

Why PHP 9.0 Is Switching to the 3‑Clause BSD License

The php.internals vote on April 4 approved moving PHP 9.0 to the permissive 3‑clause BSD license, replacing the dual PHP v3.01 and Zend Engine licenses, and the article explains the historical reasons, legal benefits, comparisons with other BSD variants, PostgreSQL’s approach, and broader open‑source licensing trends.

BSD licenseOSIOpen source licensing
0 likes · 7 min read
Why PHP 9.0 Is Switching to the 3‑Clause BSD License
Linux Tech Enthusiast
Linux Tech Enthusiast
Mar 28, 2026 · Fundamentals

Master the Linux Network Stack: A Complete Illustrated Guide

This comprehensive tutorial walks through the Linux networking stack—from basic concepts and physical layer signaling to data link, network, transport, and application layers—detailing protocols, addressing, routing, error detection, and security mechanisms with clear diagrams and step‑by‑step explanations.

LinuxOSITCP/IP
0 likes · 55 min read
Master the Linux Network Stack: A Complete Illustrated Guide
Deepin Linux
Deepin Linux
Jul 12, 2024 · Fundamentals

Understanding Ethernet: MAC, PHY, MII, and SMI Interfaces

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Ethernet technology, explaining the roles of MAC and PHY chips, the OSI layer interactions, and the various interfaces such as MII, RMII, GMII, RGMII, and SMI, along with practical hardware integration details.

EthernetMIIMac
0 likes · 21 min read
Understanding Ethernet: MAC, PHY, MII, and SMI Interfaces
Architecture & Thinking
Architecture & Thinking
Jun 18, 2024 · Fundamentals

4‑Layer vs 7‑Layer Gateways: Choosing the Right Solution for Your Network

This article explains the principles, core implementations, performance trade‑offs, and typical use cases of 4‑layer (transport‑level) and 7‑layer (application‑level) gateways, helping readers understand how each operates within the OSI/TCP‑IP models and choose the appropriate solution for their network architecture.

GatewayLoad BalancingOSI
0 likes · 9 min read
4‑Layer vs 7‑Layer Gateways: Choosing the Right Solution for Your Network