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Jul 31, 2026 · Fundamentals

Is Java Interpreted or Compiled? Understanding the JVM’s JIT Execution

This article explains why the JVM combines interpretation and Just‑In‑Time compilation, how it detects hot code with invocation and back‑edge counters, the tiered C1/C2 compilation process, key JIT optimizations like method inlining, and how to observe JIT activity using JVM flags.