Open Source Linux

Sep 26, 2023 · Fundamentals

Understanding the TCP/IP Model: Layers, Protocols, and Data Flow

This article explains the TCP/IP protocol suite, detailing its four layers—link, network, transport, and application—along with key protocols such as IP, TCP, UDP, ARP, ICMP, DNS, and the mechanisms of packet encapsulation, routing, flow and congestion control, and connection management.