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21CTO
21CTO
May 15, 2026 · Cloud Native

Why LLMs Are Undermining 20‑Year‑Old Stateless Web Architecture

The article explains how the longstanding web architecture that separates stateful databases from stateless compute is being challenged by large language models and AI agents, which introduce long‑running, stateful, bidirectional workflows, exposing the need for new routing primitives such as persistent pub/sub channels rather than traditional HTTP‑load‑balancer setups.

LLMpersistent executionpub/sub
0 likes · 8 min read
Why LLMs Are Undermining 20‑Year‑Old Stateless Web Architecture
Architect
Architect
Dec 29, 2025 · Backend Development

Can Redis Replace Kafka? Comparing List, Pub/Sub, and Stream Queues

This article examines whether Redis can serve as a reliable message queue by exploring its List, Pub/Sub, and Stream data structures, comparing their features, limitations, and durability against professional brokers like Kafka and RabbitMQ, and offering practical usage guidelines.

Message QueueStreampub/sub
0 likes · 18 min read
Can Redis Replace Kafka? Comparing List, Pub/Sub, and Stream Queues
IT Services Circle
IT Services Circle
Feb 20, 2025 · Backend Development

15 Common Redis Use Cases with Code Examples

This article presents fifteen practical Redis usage scenarios—including caching, distributed locks, leaderboards, counters, message queues, session management, bitmap sign‑ins, geolocation, rate limiting, pub/sub, delayed tasks, global IDs, recommendation models, user follow relationships, and timeline feeds—each illustrated with concise code snippets.

Message Queuegeolocationpub/sub
0 likes · 10 min read
15 Common Redis Use Cases with Code Examples
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Aikesheng Open Source Community
Jan 7, 2025 · Databases

Analysis of Redis Sentinel Failover Issue in Redis 7.4.0 and Resolution via Pub/Sub ACL Adjustment

This article investigates a Redis Sentinel failover anomaly in version 7.4.0 where the sentinel repeatedly elects a failed master, explains the underlying s_down/o_down states, examines network, configuration, and ACL settings, and resolves the issue by adjusting Pub/Sub permissions to allow proper failover.

ACLdatabasefailover
0 likes · 11 min read
Analysis of Redis Sentinel Failover Issue in Redis 7.4.0 and Resolution via Pub/Sub ACL Adjustment
Architecture & Thinking
Architecture & Thinking
Dec 5, 2024 · Backend Development

Understanding Apache RocketMQ: Domain Model, Communication & Message Patterns

This article explains Apache RocketMQ's core components—including producers, topics, queues, and consumer groups—covers synchronous RPC versus asynchronous messaging, compares point‑to‑point and publish‑subscribe transmission models, and highlights their suitable scenarios and trade‑offs.

Backend DevelopmentDistributed SystemsMessage Queue
0 likes · 9 min read
Understanding Apache RocketMQ: Domain Model, Communication & Message Patterns
php Courses
php Courses
Feb 27, 2024 · Backend Development

Implementing a Simple Real-Time Chatroom with PHP and Redis

This article explains how to build a simple real-time chatroom by preparing a PHP and Redis environment, outlining user authentication, chat page design, and using Redis PUB/SUB for message publishing and subscribing, with complete code examples for both server-side and client-side implementation.

Backend DevelopmentPHPReal-time Chat
0 likes · 4 min read
Implementing a Simple Real-Time Chatroom with PHP and Redis
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Feb 8, 2024 · Backend Development

Core Principles of Message Queues: 12 Key Concepts Explained

This article provides a comprehensive overview of message queue fundamentals, covering producers, consumers, brokers, point-to-point and publish/subscribe models, ordering, ACK mechanisms, eventual consistency, transactions, persistence, high availability, and selection criteria for various MQ technologies.

BackendDistributed SystemsMQ
0 likes · 10 min read
Core Principles of Message Queues: 12 Key Concepts Explained
ITPUB
ITPUB
Jan 6, 2024 · Databases

Beyond Caching: How Redis Powers Distributed Locks, Queues, and More

This article explores Redis's capabilities beyond simple caching, detailing its use for distributed locks, rate limiting, session storage, complex business scenarios, and various messaging patterns—including List‑based queues, blocking commands, Pub/Sub, and the Stream data structure—while highlighting practical limitations and best‑practice recommendations.

Message QueueStreamdistributed-lock
0 likes · 7 min read
Beyond Caching: How Redis Powers Distributed Locks, Queues, and More
Architect
Architect
Jan 4, 2024 · Backend Development

RabbitMQ vs Kafka: How to Choose the Right Messaging System

This article explains asynchronous messaging patterns, compares RabbitMQ and Apache Kafka in depth, and provides a step‑by‑step decision guide that highlights their architectural differences, strengths, weaknesses, and suitable use‑cases for modern software systems.

Backend ArchitectureKafkaRabbitMQ
0 likes · 11 min read
RabbitMQ vs Kafka: How to Choose the Right Messaging System
IT Services Circle
IT Services Circle
Nov 20, 2023 · Databases

Redis Beyond Caching: Distributed Locks, Rate Limiting, Message Queues and More

This article explains how Redis can be used for distributed locks, rate limiting, various message‑queue patterns, delayed queues, distributed sessions and complex business scenarios, while also discussing the limitations of using Redis as a message queue and recommending dedicated solutions like RocketMQ or Kafka.

Streamdistributed-lockpub/sub
0 likes · 7 min read
Redis Beyond Caching: Distributed Locks, Rate Limiting, Message Queues and More
Sanyou's Java Diary
Sanyou's Java Diary
Jun 15, 2023 · Databases

Mastering Redis Pub/Sub: Channels, Patterns, and Real-World Use Cases

This article explains Redis Pub/Sub fundamentals, demonstrates channel‑based and pattern‑based subscription with command‑line examples, dives into the internal data structures that power them, and shows how to integrate Redis Pub/Sub in Spring Boot using Redisson for lightweight messaging.

Message Queuedatabasespub/sub
0 likes · 14 min read
Mastering Redis Pub/Sub: Channels, Patterns, and Real-World Use Cases
Cognitive Technology Team
Cognitive Technology Team
Jan 19, 2023 · Databases

Implementation Principles of Redis Pub/Sub (Ordinary Subscription)

This article explains how Redis implements the Pub/Sub messaging pattern by storing subscription relationships in hash‑based dictionaries, detailing the processing flow of SUBSCRIBE and PUBLISH commands, cluster propagation, and key limitations such as lack of persistence and client buffer constraints.

Message Queuedatabasespub/sub
0 likes · 5 min read
Implementation Principles of Redis Pub/Sub (Ordinary Subscription)
Architect
Architect
Jan 16, 2023 · Databases

Redis Fundamentals: Pipelines, Pub/Sub, Expiration, Transactions, Persistence, Distributed Locks and Clustering

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Redis, covering basic concepts, pipeline optimization, publish/subscribe messaging, key expiration strategies, transaction behavior, persistence mechanisms (RDB, AOF, hybrid), distributed locking techniques, Redisson and Redlock algorithms, as well as high‑availability setups using replication, Sentinel and Cluster modes.

Distributed LocksPersistenceTransactions
0 likes · 32 min read
Redis Fundamentals: Pipelines, Pub/Sub, Expiration, Transactions, Persistence, Distributed Locks and Clustering
Sanyou's Java Diary
Sanyou's Java Diary
Nov 7, 2022 · Backend Development

Is Redis a Viable Message Queue? List, Pub/Sub, and Stream Compared

This article examines whether Redis can serve as a reliable message queue by exploring its List, Pub/Sub, and Stream data types, comparing their features, performance, and limitations, and ultimately guiding readers on suitable use cases versus professional queue solutions.

Backend DevelopmentListMessage Queue
0 likes · 27 min read
Is Redis a Viable Message Queue? List, Pub/Sub, and Stream Compared
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Oct 14, 2022 · Information Security

How Dapr Secures Service Calls and Pub/Sub with mTLS and Access Policies

This article explains Dapr's security foundation, covering end‑to‑end mTLS for service invocation, configurable access control policies for services and Pub/Sub components, trust domains, SPIFFE identities, and practical examples of policy configurations and deployment steps for both local and Kubernetes environments.

DaprSecurityService Invocation
0 likes · 17 min read
How Dapr Secures Service Calls and Pub/Sub with mTLS and Access Policies
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Aug 21, 2022 · Backend Development

12 Core Principles of Message Queues (MQ) – A Comprehensive Summary

This article provides a detailed overview of message queue fundamentals, covering producers, consumers, brokers, queue and topic models, delivery guarantees, acknowledgment mechanisms, ordering, persistence, high availability, and selection criteria, helping readers quickly grasp essential MQ concepts for distributed systems.

BrokerConsumerMessage Queue
0 likes · 9 min read
12 Core Principles of Message Queues (MQ) – A Comprehensive Summary
Selected Java Interview Questions
Selected Java Interview Questions
May 24, 2022 · Backend Development

Implementing a Netty Cluster Long‑Connection Service with Redis Pub/Sub for Message Forwarding

This article explains how to build a high‑concurrency Netty long‑connection server cluster using Redis publish/subscribe to forward messages across nodes, detailing the background, technology choices, architecture, and implementation steps for a microservice‑based backend system.

Message ForwardingMicroservicesNetty
0 likes · 5 min read
Implementing a Netty Cluster Long‑Connection Service with Redis Pub/Sub for Message Forwarding
政采云技术
政采云技术
Apr 19, 2022 · Cloud Native

A Practical Guide to Dapr Core Features: Pub/Sub, Resource Bindings, Actors, Observability, Secrets, and Configuration

This comprehensive technical tutorial demonstrates how to implement and configure core Dapr features, including publish/subscribe messaging, resource bindings, virtual actors, distributed tracing, secrets management, and dynamic configuration, using Java applications deployed on Kubernetes with practical code examples and command-line instructions.

Cloud NativeDaprJava
0 likes · 21 min read
A Practical Guide to Dapr Core Features: Pub/Sub, Resource Bindings, Actors, Observability, Secrets, and Configuration
Selected Java Interview Questions
Selected Java Interview Questions
Feb 19, 2022 · Backend Development

Implementing a Lightweight Redis‑Based Message Queue: Environment Setup, List, Pub/Sub, and Stream Solutions

This article details the research background, environment preparation, and three Redis‑based message‑queue implementations—using List structures, Pub/Sub, and Stream APIs—along with code examples, design considerations, testing strategies, and deployment tips for building a lightweight messaging component in Java Spring Boot.

BackendJavaMessage Queue
0 likes · 17 min read
Implementing a Lightweight Redis‑Based Message Queue: Environment Setup, List, Pub/Sub, and Stream Solutions
Tencent Cloud Developer
Tencent Cloud Developer
Dec 24, 2021 · Cloud Native

Deep Dive into Apache Pulsar Message Acknowledgment Mechanism

Apache Pulsar ensures reliable delivery by letting consumers acknowledge messages individually, cumulatively, or within batches, while also supporting negative acknowledgments and sophisticated tracking mechanisms that batch ack requests, use BitSet for batch indexes, and employ time‑wheel‑based redelivery for unacknowledged messages.

Apache PulsarConsumer TrackerDistributed Messaging
0 likes · 10 min read
Deep Dive into Apache Pulsar Message Acknowledgment Mechanism
IT Architects Alliance
IT Architects Alliance
Aug 8, 2021 · Backend Development

Message Exchange Patterns: Architecture and Routing

This article explains the fundamental message exchange patterns—including publish‑subscribe, fanout, unidirectional and bidirectional streaming, as well as unicast, broadcast, multicast, and anycast routing—detailing their structures, use‑cases, and typical implementations in modern backend systems.

Backend ArchitectureFanoutmessage patterns
0 likes · 8 min read
Message Exchange Patterns: Architecture and Routing
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Aug 8, 2021 · Backend Development

Mastering Message Exchange Patterns: From Pub/Sub to Anycast

This article explains the fundamental message exchange architectures and routing patterns—including publish‑subscribe, fan‑out, unidirectional and bidirectional streaming, as well as unicast, broadcast, multicast, and anycast—illustrated with diagrams and practical examples for modern backend systems.

BackendDistributed SystemsMessaging
0 likes · 9 min read
Mastering Message Exchange Patterns: From Pub/Sub to Anycast
Architects Research Society
Architects Research Society
Jul 30, 2021 · Fundamentals

RabbitMQ vs Apache Kafka: Messaging Patterns, Guarantees and Design Trade‑offs

This article compares RabbitMQ and Apache Kafka, explaining their core architectures, exchange and routing mechanisms, delivery guarantees, push vs pull models, dead‑letter handling, partitioning, consumer groups, log compaction, and the strengths and limitations of each system for scalable, ordered message processing.

KafkaMessaging SystemsRabbitMQ
0 likes · 21 min read
RabbitMQ vs Apache Kafka: Messaging Patterns, Guarantees and Design Trade‑offs
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Jul 3, 2021 · Fundamentals

Message Exchange Patterns: Architecture and Routing

This article explains the fundamental message exchange patterns—including publish‑subscribe, fan‑out, unidirectional and bidirectional streaming—as well as routing models such as unicast, broadcast, multicast, and anycast, illustrating each with common technology examples.

MessagingStreamingmulticast
0 likes · 8 min read
Message Exchange Patterns: Architecture and Routing
ByteDance Dali Intelligent Technology Team
ByteDance Dali Intelligent Technology Team
Jul 2, 2021 · Backend Development

Message Middleware Delivery Models: PTP, Pub/Sub, Partition, and Transfer

This article examines four common message middleware delivery models—Point-to-Point, Publish/Subscribe, Partition, and Transfer—explaining their core characteristics, differences, usage scenarios, and performance considerations, with practical examples from ActiveMQ, Kafka, RocketMQ, and NSQ in modern systems.

BackendMessage QueuePTP
0 likes · 10 min read
Message Middleware Delivery Models: PTP, Pub/Sub, Partition, and Transfer
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Jun 21, 2021 · Backend Development

Mastering Redis Pub/Sub in Spring Boot: Step‑by‑Step Guide

This tutorial explains the Redis publish/subscribe pattern, contrasts it with the observer pattern, and provides a complete Spring Boot example—including configuration, publisher and subscriber code, and verification steps—to help developers quickly implement real‑time messaging with Redis.

BackendJavaMessage Queue
0 likes · 8 min read
Mastering Redis Pub/Sub in Spring Boot: Step‑by‑Step Guide
IT Architects Alliance
IT Architects Alliance
Jun 14, 2021 · Fundamentals

Message Exchange Architectures and Routing Patterns

This article explains the fundamental message exchange architectures—such as publish‑subscribe, fan‑out, unidirectional and bidirectional streaming, unicast, broadcast, multicast, and anycast—and how they are used in systems like Redis, Kafka, RabbitMQ, ZeroMQ and IBM MQ to simplify communication between architects and developers.

BackendDistributed SystemsMessaging
0 likes · 9 min read
Message Exchange Architectures and Routing Patterns
Top Architect
Top Architect
Jun 8, 2021 · Backend Development

Architectural Messaging Patterns: Exchange Architectures and Routing Methods

This article explains the fundamental messaging exchange architectures such as Pub‑Sub, Fanout, Unidirectional and Bidirectional streaming, and the routing patterns including Unicast, Broadcast, Multicast and Anycast, illustrating how they are used in systems like Redis, Kafka, RabbitMQ and IBM MQ to simplify communication between producers and consumers.

FanoutMessagingStreaming
0 likes · 8 min read
Architectural Messaging Patterns: Exchange Architectures and Routing Methods
Laravel Tech Community
Laravel Tech Community
May 21, 2021 · Backend Development

RabbitMQ Messaging Patterns and Exchange Types Overview

This article explains RabbitMQ's core messaging patterns—including simple, work queues, publish/subscribe, routing, topics, RPC, and publisher confirms—along with the four main exchange types, providing practical use‑case examples for each to help developers choose the appropriate pattern for their backend systems.

Backend DevelopmentDistributed SystemsMessaging
0 likes · 4 min read
RabbitMQ Messaging Patterns and Exchange Types Overview
Full-Stack Internet Architecture
Full-Stack Internet Architecture
Apr 2, 2021 · Operations

Understanding Redis Sentinel: High‑Availability Mechanism and Automatic Failover

This article explains how Redis Sentinel provides high‑availability for Redis by continuously monitoring master and replica nodes, detecting failures through subjective and objective down states, electing a new master via quorum‑based voting, and notifying clients of the failover using Pub/Sub events.

Replicationfailoverhigh availability
0 likes · 19 min read
Understanding Redis Sentinel: High‑Availability Mechanism and Automatic Failover
Code Ape Tech Column
Code Ape Tech Column
Dec 25, 2020 · Backend Development

RabbitMQ vs Kafka: Which Messaging System Wins for Your Architecture?

This article compares RabbitMQ and Apache Kafka by examining their internal designs, messaging models, ordering guarantees, routing, timing, retention, fault‑tolerance, scalability, and consumer complexity, then provides concrete guidance on when to choose each technology for real‑world systems.

ComparisonKafkaMessage Queue
0 likes · 24 min read
RabbitMQ vs Kafka: Which Messaging System Wins for Your Architecture?
ITPUB
ITPUB
May 26, 2020 · Databases

Master Redis: Core Data Types, Commands, and Advanced Features Explained

Redis is a high‑performance, open‑source key‑value store offering persistence, rich data structures, replication, pub/sub, transactions, and clustering; this guide explains its fundamentals, data types (string, hash, list, set, sorted set), essential commands, and advanced features such as persistence options, replication, Sentinel, and sharding.

Data StructuresPersistenceTransactions
0 likes · 16 min read
Master Redis: Core Data Types, Commands, and Advanced Features Explained
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Dec 13, 2019 · Databases

Master Redis: Core Concepts, Data Types, and Advanced Features Explained

This article provides a comprehensive overview of Redis, covering its high‑performance key‑value architecture, persistence options, replication, sharding, data types such as strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, as well as advanced features like transactions, publish/subscribe, and Sentinel monitoring, all illustrated with practical command examples.

Data TypesTransactionskey-value store
0 likes · 15 min read
Master Redis: Core Concepts, Data Types, and Advanced Features Explained
High Availability Architecture
High Availability Architecture
May 7, 2019 · Cloud Native

A Gentle Introduction to Apache Pulsar: Architecture, Features, and Use Cases

This article introduces Apache Pulsar, a cloud‑native pub/sub messaging platform that solves traditional messaging system limitations with a layered architecture, offering independent scaling, multi‑tenant isolation, cross‑region replication, zero rebalancing, unified queue‑and‑stream models, and built‑in functions and proxy support.

Apache PulsarDistributed SystemsMessaging
0 likes · 5 min read
A Gentle Introduction to Apache Pulsar: Architecture, Features, and Use Cases
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Dec 27, 2018 · Backend Development

Fundamentals of Message Queues: Producers, Consumers, Brokers, and Messaging Models

This article explains the core concepts, components, design considerations, and common models of message queues—including point‑to‑point and publish/subscribe—while covering ordering, acknowledgment, transaction support, persistence, high availability, and practical selection guidance for high‑concurrency systems.

BackendBrokerConsumer
0 likes · 8 min read
Fundamentals of Message Queues: Producers, Consumers, Brokers, and Messaging Models
360 Quality & Efficiency
360 Quality & Efficiency
Sep 14, 2018 · Backend Development

ZeroMQ Installation, Core Messaging Patterns, and Usage Guide

This article provides a comprehensive tutorial on installing ZeroMQ, explains its basic socket types and messaging patterns such as PUB‑SUB, REQ‑REP, and PUSH‑PULL, and offers practical notes, code snippets, and configuration tips for effective use in backend applications.

InstallationMessagingZeroMQ
0 likes · 7 min read
ZeroMQ Installation, Core Messaging Patterns, and Usage Guide
Efficient Ops
Efficient Ops
Jul 18, 2018 · Databases

Mastering Redis: Advanced Types, Replication, Persistence, and Real-World Design

This article explores Redis’s advanced features—including data types, master‑slave, sentinel, and cluster architectures, transaction handling, RDB/AOF persistence, pub/sub messaging, and a practical e‑commerce search case study—providing design insights and best‑practice configurations for high‑availability and performance.

PersistenceReplicationdatabase
0 likes · 10 min read
Mastering Redis: Advanced Types, Replication, Persistence, and Real-World Design
System Architect Go
System Architect Go
Jul 8, 2018 · Backend Development

Overview of NSQ: Architecture, Components, and Usage

NSQ is a lightweight, high‑performance open‑source message queue written in Go, and this article explains its core components (nsqd, nsqlookupd, nsqadmin, utilities), message flow architecture, configuration details, deployment recommendations, and additional considerations such as persistence, delivery guarantees, and scalability.

Distributed SystemsMessage QueueNSQ
0 likes · 5 min read
Overview of NSQ: Architecture, Components, and Usage
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Jan 22, 2018 · Cloud Native

How Spring Cloud Stream Abstracts Messaging Middleware with Binders and Channels

This article explains how Spring Cloud Stream uses binders to isolate applications from messaging middleware, defines channels for input and output, demonstrates publish‑subscribe with RabbitMQ, shows how consumer groups prevent duplicate processing, and introduces message partitioning for ordered handling.

BinderChannelMessage Partitioning
0 likes · 11 min read
How Spring Cloud Stream Abstracts Messaging Middleware with Binders and Channels
Node Underground
Node Underground
Jul 13, 2017 · Backend Development

Mastering Event‑Driven APIs: 5 Architectures Every Backend Engineer Should Know

This article explores five event‑driven API architectures—WebSockets, WebHooks, REST Hooks, Pub‑Sub, and Server‑Sent Events—detailing their core functions, usage patterns, and pros and cons, while highlighting how they enable asynchronous communication and resource efficiency in modern web systems.

APIAsynchronousServer-Sent Events
0 likes · 2 min read
Mastering Event‑Driven APIs: 5 Architectures Every Backend Engineer Should Know
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Aug 16, 2016 · Databases

Redis Guide: Installation, Configuration, Data Structures, Persistence, and Advanced Features

This comprehensive Redis guide explains the in‑memory key‑value store’s installation, basic commands, configuration options, supported data structures, persistence mechanisms, replication, transactions, pub/sub, performance testing, connection handling, pipelining, and partitioning, providing practical examples for developers.

Data StructuresIn-Memory DatabaseReplication
0 likes · 27 min read
Redis Guide: Installation, Configuration, Data Structures, Persistence, and Advanced Features
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Dec 3, 2015 · Backend Development

Unlock Real-Time Messaging: How Redis Pub/Sub Works and When to Use It

The article explains the publish‑subscribe (pub/sub) messaging model, its time, space, and synchronization decoupling features, typical real‑time scenarios such as chat and log processing, and details how Redis implements pub/sub through channels and pattern subscriptions, including command syntax and internal data structures.

AsynchronousMessagingReal-Time
0 likes · 4 min read
Unlock Real-Time Messaging: How Redis Pub/Sub Works and When to Use It
MaGe Linux Operations
MaGe Linux Operations
Sep 11, 2014 · Databases

When to Use Each Redis Data Structure: Real‑World Scenarios Explained

This article reviews the five core Redis data structures—String, Hash, List, Set, and Sorted Set—detailing practical use‑cases such as caching, user profile storage, timelines, message queues, social graphs, and weighted rankings, plus a look at Pub/Sub and transaction features.

Data StructuresIn-Memory DatabaseTransactions
0 likes · 7 min read
When to Use Each Redis Data Structure: Real‑World Scenarios Explained