This article walks through creating a Linux packet sniffer that bypasses libpcap, explains PF_PACKET raw sockets, shows how to bind to a specific interface, enable promiscuous mode, attach a BPF filter compiled with tcpdump, and parse Ethernet and IP headers in a continuous receive loop.
This tutorial explains how to use PHP's raw socket functions to construct and send an ICMP echo request packet, calculate its checksum, receive the reply, and wrap the logic into a reusable ping($host, $retry) function for backend network diagnostics.
This tutorial explains how to use Linux raw sockets (PF_PACKET) to send and receive link‑layer Ethernet frames, covering socket creation, protocol selection, sockaddr_ll structure, interface binding, promiscuous mode, and provides a complete C example that prints MAC and IP information for each captured packet.
