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Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Mike Chen's Internet Architecture
Nov 13, 2025 · Backend Development

Designing High‑Concurrency Microservice Architectures: Splitting, Sharding, Rate Limiting, and Circuit Breaking

This guide explains how to build a million‑request‑per‑second microservice system by properly splitting business domains, partitioning data with vertical and horizontal sharding, applying robust rate‑limiting techniques, and implementing circuit‑breaking and degradation strategies to maintain stability.

Circuit BreakingService Splittinghigh concurrency
0 likes · 6 min read
Designing High‑Concurrency Microservice Architectures: Splitting, Sharding, Rate Limiting, and Circuit Breaking
FunTester
FunTester
Sep 2, 2025 · Backend Development

How Adaptive Modular Monoliths Enable Seamless Service Splitting

The article explains how adaptive modular monolith architecture lets teams develop quickly with a single deployable unit and later split modules into independent microservices by merely changing a configuration, eliminating repackaging, complex pipelines, and code modifications while preserving performance and simplicity.

MicroservicesService SplittingSoftware Architecture
0 likes · 7 min read
How Adaptive Modular Monoliths Enable Seamless Service Splitting
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Jun 6, 2025 · Backend Development

How to Split Services Effectively: Principles, Real Cases, and Domain Modeling

This article explains why overly fine‑grained service splitting hurts performance and debugging, shows best‑practice granularity aligned with team size, introduces evolutionary splitting based on model responsibilities, and walks through real‑world case studies, domain‑driven design concepts, architectural patterns such as hexagonal, CQRS, and event‑driven designs, and practical steps for building a robust service‑oriented system.

CQRSDomain-Driven DesignEvent-driven
0 likes · 6 min read
How to Split Services Effectively: Principles, Real Cases, and Domain Modeling
Rare Earth Juejin Tech Community
Rare Earth Juejin Tech Community
Jan 15, 2025 · Backend Development

Principles and Guidelines for Splitting Microservices

This article discusses why and how to split monolithic applications into microservices, outlining common pitfalls of over‑splitting and presenting practical principles such as team and domain isolation, the three‑person rule, read/write separation, dependency management, and service count guidelines.

Backend ArchitectureDomain-Driven DesignMicroservices
0 likes · 15 min read
Principles and Guidelines for Splitting Microservices
Top Architect
Top Architect
Sep 27, 2024 · Backend Development

Why Adopt Microservices? Principles, Design Strategies, and Practical Implementation

This article explains why microservices have become a dominant architectural style, outlines the problems they solve, describes core characteristics, presents various splitting principles and methods, discusses the relationship with domain‑driven design, compares microservices to other architectures, and lists common technologies and best‑practice recommendations.

Backend ArchitectureDDDService Splitting
0 likes · 24 min read
Why Adopt Microservices? Principles, Design Strategies, and Practical Implementation
Top Architect
Top Architect
Jul 31, 2024 · Backend Development

Why Adopt Microservices? Principles, Splitting Strategies, DDD Relationship, and Common Implementation Techniques

The article explains why microservices have become a mainstream architectural choice, outlines the shortcomings of monolithic systems, presents core design principles and various service‑splitting methods, discusses the synergy with Domain‑Driven Design, compares microservices with other architectures, and lists typical technologies used in practice.

Backend ArchitectureCloud NativeDDD
0 likes · 23 min read
Why Adopt Microservices? Principles, Splitting Strategies, DDD Relationship, and Common Implementation Techniques
Architect
Architect
Jul 28, 2024 · Backend Development

Why Microservices? Benefits, Principles, and Practical Implementation Guide

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of microservices, covering why they are adopted, the drawbacks of monolithic architectures, core characteristics, splitting principles and strategies, the relationship with Domain‑Driven Design, comparisons with other architectural styles, and a detailed overview of the common technical stack used to build and operate microservice systems.

Backend ArchitectureCloud NativeDDD
0 likes · 22 min read
Why Microservices? Benefits, Principles, and Practical Implementation Guide
JD Tech
JD Tech
Jun 6, 2024 · Operations

Analyzing Service Granularity and Consolidation in Promise Microservices

This article examines the challenges of service proliferation in a microservice‑based system, defines modularity and granularity, and presents systematic splitting and merging factors—such as responsibility, fault tolerance, performance, scalability, cost‑benefit, and team size—using a concrete Promise service case study to guide optimal service design.

Backend ArchitectureService Splittingservice granularity
0 likes · 17 min read
Analyzing Service Granularity and Consolidation in Promise Microservices
Top Architect
Top Architect
Mar 30, 2023 · Backend Development

Microservice Service Splitting Principles and Remote Call Implementation with Spring Boot

This article explains microservice service‑splitting guidelines, demonstrates a small demo project with separate order‑service and user‑service modules, shows how to define independent databases, and provides step‑by‑step code for registering a RestTemplate bean and performing remote calls between services using Spring Boot.

Remote CallService SplittingSpring Boot
0 likes · 10 min read
Microservice Service Splitting Principles and Remote Call Implementation with Spring Boot
Top Architect
Top Architect
Mar 1, 2023 · Backend Development

Microservice Service Splitting Principles and Remote Call Implementation with Spring Boot

This article explains microservice service‑splitting principles, demonstrates a small demo with separate order‑service and user‑service modules, shows how to define independent databases, and provides step‑by‑step code for registering a RestTemplate bean and performing remote calls between services using Spring Boot.

Remote CallService SplittingSpring Boot
0 likes · 9 min read
Microservice Service Splitting Principles and Remote Call Implementation with Spring Boot
Top Architect
Top Architect
May 7, 2022 · Backend Development

AKF Principle for Microservice Splitting: X, Y, and Z Axis Strategies

The article explains the AKF principle for microservice design, detailing how X‑axis horizontal replication, Y‑axis functional splitting, and Z‑axis data‑centric partitioning address single‑point failures, capacity limits, and performance bottlenecks by employing master‑master, master‑slave, and master‑backup replication patterns.

AKFBackendMicroservices
0 likes · 6 min read
AKF Principle for Microservice Splitting: X, Y, and Z Axis Strategies
Code Ape Tech Column
Code Ape Tech Column
Apr 29, 2022 · Backend Development

AKF Microservice Splitting Principles: X‑Axis, Y‑Axis, and Z‑Axis Partitioning for Cluster Design

The article explains how to address single‑node limitations by clustering servers using the AKF microservice splitting principle, detailing X‑axis horizontal replication, Y‑axis business‑oriented partitioning, and Z‑axis data‑source segmentation to achieve scalable, fault‑tolerant backend architectures.

AKF principleBackend ArchitectureMicroservices
0 likes · 5 min read
AKF Microservice Splitting Principles: X‑Axis, Y‑Axis, and Z‑Axis Partitioning for Cluster Design
Java High-Performance Architecture
Java High-Performance Architecture
Apr 4, 2022 · Cloud Native

From Monolith to Microservices: A Small Team’s CI/CD and Cloud‑Native Journey

This article recounts how a two‑person SaaS team evolved its architecture from a monolithic Java application to a suite of over ten Spring Cloud microservices, detailing RESTful API design, CI/CD pipelines with Jenkins, Docker containerization, Kubernetes integration, link tracing, and operational monitoring.

DockerKubernetesService Splitting
0 likes · 17 min read
From Monolith to Microservices: A Small Team’s CI/CD and Cloud‑Native Journey
21CTO
21CTO
Dec 25, 2021 · Cloud Native

When Should You Split a Monolith? Strategies and Principles for Microservice Migration

This article explains why and when to break a monolithic application into microservices, outlines the business and technical signals that trigger splitting, presents guiding principles, functional and non‑functional strategies, and risk‑mitigation practices to ensure a smooth, sustainable migration.

Domain-Driven DesignMicroservicesService Splitting
0 likes · 21 min read
When Should You Split a Monolith? Strategies and Principles for Microservice Migration
Programmer DD
Programmer DD
Aug 6, 2021 · Backend Development

How Domain‑Driven Design Powers Scalable Microservices Architecture

This article explains how Domain‑Driven Design provides a systematic approach to modeling complex business domains, guiding microservice decomposition, service boundaries, bounded contexts, and layered architectures, while addressing software complexity through strategic and tactical patterns such as SOLID, aggregates, and hexagonal design.

Backend ArchitectureDDDDomain-Driven Design
0 likes · 19 min read
How Domain‑Driven Design Powers Scalable Microservices Architecture
DevOps
DevOps
Jul 21, 2021 · Backend Development

Practical Guide to Microservice Splitting: Necessity, Timing, Principles, and Implementation Steps

This article explains why and when to split existing microservices, validates the split idea with event storming and data‑model analysis, outlines guiding principles, and provides a detailed, step‑by‑step process—including code restructuring, testing, dependency removal, and database separation—to ensure a smooth transition.

BFFMicroservicesService Splitting
0 likes · 16 min read
Practical Guide to Microservice Splitting: Necessity, Timing, Principles, and Implementation Steps
NetEase Smart Enterprise Tech+
NetEase Smart Enterprise Tech+
Mar 17, 2021 · Backend Development

How to Evolve Business Architecture: Service Boundaries, Splitting, and Governance

This article explores the evolution of business architecture from functional to domain‑based microservice splitting, outlines service grading, identifies code coupling and unreasonable dependencies, and presents practical governance techniques such as on‑demand loading, event‑driven design, and anti‑corruption layers to improve stability and maintainability.

Backend ArchitectureEvent-drivenMicroservices
0 likes · 16 min read
How to Evolve Business Architecture: Service Boundaries, Splitting, and Governance
TAL Education Technology
TAL Education Technology
Mar 11, 2021 · Backend Development

Evolution of a Call Platform's System Architecture: From Monolith to Service Splitting, Governance, Horizontal Scaling, Distributed Databases, and Microservices

The article outlines how a call platform’s architecture progressed through successive stages—starting with a monolithic design, then business service splitting, service governance and isolated deployment, horizontal scaling, distributed database sharding, and finally micro‑service adoption—highlighting the problems each evolution solved and the new challenges introduced.

Backend DevelopmentMicroservicesScalability
0 likes · 13 min read
Evolution of a Call Platform's System Architecture: From Monolith to Service Splitting, Governance, Horizontal Scaling, Distributed Databases, and Microservices
Top Architect
Top Architect
Aug 26, 2020 · Fundamentals

Applying Domain‑Driven Design to Microservice Architecture: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Splitting Strategies

The article explains how Domain‑Driven Design (DDD) complements microservice architecture by addressing functional partitioning, clarifying bounded contexts, and guiding service decomposition, while also highlighting microservices' shortcomings in handling requirement changes and offering practical guidelines for effective system splitting.

DDDDomain ModelingService Splitting
0 likes · 10 min read
Applying Domain‑Driven Design to Microservice Architecture: Benefits, Drawbacks, and Splitting Strategies
Node Underground
Node Underground
Mar 10, 2020 · Backend Development

Building a Micro‑Backend with Midway: Split Monorepo Apps into Independent Services

This article explores the concept of a “micro‑backend” by adapting micro‑frontend principles to server‑side applications, detailing how to use IoC, monorepo management with Lerna, and Midway’s configurable scanning to split a large Node.js codebase into independent, maintainable domain modules without changing developer workflows.

IoCMonorepoService Splitting
0 likes · 10 min read
Building a Micro‑Backend with Midway: Split Monorepo Apps into Independent Services
Mafengwo Technology
Mafengwo Technology
Jul 18, 2019 · Backend Development

How MaFengWo Scaled Its IM System: From PHP to Go and Service Splitting

This article chronicles the evolution of MaFengWo's instant‑messaging platform, detailing the transition from a simple PHP implementation to OpenResty optimizations, the introduction of multi‑mode routing in IM 2.0, and a complete service‑oriented redesign in Go for IM 3.0, while addressing scalability, multi‑device synchronization, and message reliability.

GoIMOpenResty
0 likes · 14 min read
How MaFengWo Scaled Its IM System: From PHP to Go and Service Splitting
21CTO
21CTO
May 9, 2017 · Backend Development

How Ele.me Scaled to 9M Daily Orders: Architecture, Service Splitting & Ops

This article explains how Ele.me grew from a student startup to handling over nine million daily orders by evolving its website architecture, adopting SOA, splitting services, implementing a robust release system, and building comprehensive monitoring and data‑access layers.

DeploymentEle.meService Splitting
0 likes · 13 min read
How Ele.me Scaled to 9M Daily Orders: Architecture, Service Splitting & Ops
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
ITFLY8 Architecture Home
Nov 21, 2016 · Operations

Taobao’s Scaling Secrets: Stateless Sessions, Caching, Service Splitting & Sharding

This article explains how Taobao achieves horizontal scalability by adopting stateless session handling, efficient client‑side cookie storage, multi‑level caching, service splitting with HSF, database sharding via TDDL, asynchronous messaging, unstructured data storage, and comprehensive monitoring and configuration management.

Service Splittingcachingmonitoring
0 likes · 18 min read
Taobao’s Scaling Secrets: Stateless Sessions, Caching, Service Splitting & Sharding
Architecture Digest
Architecture Digest
Apr 23, 2016 · Backend Development

Designing Scalable Large-Scale Internet Applications: Stateless Sessions, Caching, Service Splitting, Database Sharding, Asynchronous Communication, and Configuration Management

The article explains how to build a highly scalable internet application by adopting stateless session handling, effective caching, service decomposition with remote call frameworks, database sharding, asynchronous messaging, unstructured data storage, comprehensive monitoring, and unified configuration management.

ScalabilityService SplittingSession Management
0 likes · 16 min read
Designing Scalable Large-Scale Internet Applications: Stateless Sessions, Caching, Service Splitting, Database Sharding, Asynchronous Communication, and Configuration Management
21CTO
21CTO
Apr 16, 2016 · Backend Development

How Taobao Scales: Stateless Sessions, Caching, Service Splitting, and More

Taobao’s massive B2C platform achieves high scalability and reliability by employing stateless session management with multi‑value cookies, leveraging Tair caching, splitting services via HSF, partitioning databases with TDDL, adopting asynchronous messaging, using distributed file storage, and implementing comprehensive monitoring and unified configuration management.

Service SplittingSession Managementcaching
0 likes · 18 min read
How Taobao Scales: Stateless Sessions, Caching, Service Splitting, and More