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short connections

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Random Bulletin
Random Bulletin
Jul 9, 2026 · Backend Development

From Short Connections to Connection Pools: Managing Millions of QPS

A midnight alert revealed latency jumping from 20 ms to 200 ms despite healthy CPU and memory, leading to an investigation that uncovered TCP connection handling—handshake delays, TIME_WAIT buildup, and CPU overhead—as the hidden bottleneck, and explains why short connections must evolve into pooled, globally managed connections at tens of millions of QPS.

TCPconnection managementconnection pool
0 likes · 18 min read
From Short Connections to Connection Pools: Managing Millions of QPS
360 Tech Engineering
360 Tech Engineering
May 24, 2018 · Operations

Common Short‑Connection Errors [99] and [110] in Linux: Causes, Code Analysis, and Optimizations

This article examines why frequent short‑lived TCP connections on Linux trigger the [99] could not assign requested address and [110] connection timeout errors, explains the underlying TIME‑WAIT port exhaustion and listen‑queue overflow mechanisms, and offers verification experiments and practical mitigation strategies.

LinuxTCPlisten queue
0 likes · 8 min read
Common Short‑Connection Errors [99] and [110] in Linux: Causes, Code Analysis, and Optimizations
360 Zhihui Cloud Developer
360 Zhihui Cloud Developer
May 22, 2018 · Backend Development

Why Short TCP Connections Fail: Decoding Errors 110 & 99 and Fixes

When clients frequently use short TCP connections they often encounter error 110 (connection timeout) and error 99 (cannot assign requested address), which stem from TIME‑WAIT port exhaustion and server listen‑queue overflow, and this article explains the causes and practical solutions.

EADDRNOTAVAILLinux kernelTCP
0 likes · 9 min read
Why Short TCP Connections Fail: Decoding Errors 110 & 99 and Fixes