Comprehensive Overview of Data Models, Storage Engines, Transactions, Consistency, and Replication in Modern Databases
This article provides a detailed summary of database concepts including data models (relational, document, graph), storage engine architectures (page‑oriented B‑tree, log‑structured LSM), transaction mechanisms, isolation levels, distributed transaction protocols, partitioning strategies, indexing, consistency models, and consensus algorithms such as Lamport timestamps and Raft.