Liangxu Linux

Mar 17, 2024 · Fundamentals

How Computers Talk: From Cables to TCP/IP – A Step‑by‑Step Guide

This article walks through the fundamentals of computer networking, explaining how two PCs connect with a cable, how hubs and switches forward frames using MAC addresses, how IP addressing, subnets, ARP and routing tables enable multi‑network communication, and how TCP ensures reliable, ordered delivery with flow‑ and congestion‑control mechanisms.