Liangxu Linux

May 31, 2025 · Fundamentals

How to Output Debug Logs in Embedded Systems Without a UART

This article explains several practical techniques for printing debug logs in embedded development—using SRAM buffers, SWO trace, UART with DMA, and GPIO‑bit‑banging—detailing their implementation, advantages, limitations, and code examples for reliable diagnostics on chips lacking conventional serial interfaces.