Build a PyQt5 Number‑Guessing Game UI from Scratch

1. Using Qt Designer

In PyCharm open File → Settings → Tools → External Tools, add a new tool named qt5 and set the Program field to the path of the Qt Designer executable. After saving, the External Tools menu appears and you can launch Qt Designer.

2. Pyuic

Similarly add another external tool named Pyuic with Program set to python.exe. Set Arguments to -m PyQt5.uic.pyuic sample.ui -o sample.py, Working directory to the folder containing sample.ui. Running this converts the .ui file into a .py file that can be imported directly.

The generated Python file can be used as a base class for the GUI.

3. Creating the UI File

Open Qt Designer, drag the required widgets onto the form and save it as a .ui file. In this example a vertical layout contains a QLineEdit, three QLabel s and three QPushButton s labeled “Confirm”, “Exit Game” and “Restart”.

4. Implementing the Game Logic

The converted .py file looks like this:

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_Form(object):
    def setupUi(self, Form):
        Form.setObjectName("Form")
        Form.resize(504, 551)
        self.layoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(Form)
        self.layoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 200, 137, 151))
        self.layoutWidget.setObjectName("layoutWidget")
        self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2")
        self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout()
        self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.layoutWidget)
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit)
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label.setText("")
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label)
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.layoutWidget)
        self.label_2.setText("")
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_2)
        self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)
        self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")
        self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)
        self.verticalLayout_2.addLayout(self.verticalLayout)
        self.pushButton_3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.pushButton_3.setObjectName("pushButton_3")
        self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.pushButton_3)
        self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form)
        self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 60, 161, 16))
        self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
        self.retranslateUi(Form)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form)

    def retranslateUi(self, Form):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form"))
        self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "确认"))
        self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Form", "退出游戏"))
        self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Form", "重新开始"))
        self.label_3.setText(_translate("Form", "微信公众号:Python高效编程"))

Using this UI class, the main program inherits it and adds the game logic:

# Generate the right bound of the random range
random_choice = [i * 100 for i in range(1, 20)]

class MyMainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_Form):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(MyMainWindow, self).__init__(parent)
        self.setupUi(self)
        self.guess_range = None
        self.guess_num = None
        self.left = None
        self.right = None
        self.random_num()
        self.initUi()

    def init_range(self):
        self.left = 1
        self.right = self.guess_range

    @property
    def _random_range(self):
        return random.choice(self.random_choice)

    def random_num(self):
        self.guess_range = self._random_range
        self.guess_num = random.randint(1, self.guess_range)
        self.init_range()

    def initUi(self):
        self.label.setText('数值的范围是：{}-{}'.format(self.left, self.right))
        self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.guess)
        self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(qApp.quit)
        self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.reset)

    def guess(self):
        text = self.lineEdit.text()
        try:
            text = float(text)
        except:
            self.label.setText('    输入不合法')
            self.label_2.setText('数值的范围:{}-{}'.format(self.left, self.right))
            self.lineEdit.clear()
            text = ''
        if text:
            num = math.floor(text)
            if self.guess_num == num:
                QMessageBox.question(self, '胜利', '恭喜你猜中了：{}'.format(self.guess_num), QMessageBox.Yes)
                self.reset()
            elif self.guess_num > num:
                if num > self.left:
                    self.left = num
                self.label.setText('数值的范围:{}-{}'.format(self.left, self.right))
                self.label_2.setText('      猜小了')
            else:
                if num < self.right:
                    self.right = num
                self.label.setText('数值的范围:{}-{}'.format(self.left, self.right))
                self.label_2.setText('        猜大了')
            self.lineEdit.clear()

    def reset(self):
        self.guess_range = None
        self.guess_num = None
        self.left = None
        self.right = None
        self.random_num()
        self.label.setText('')
        self.label_2.setText('')
        self.initUi()

    def keyPressEvent(self, e):
        if e.key() == Qt.Key_Return:
            self.guess()
        elif e.key() == Qt.Key_Escape:
            qApp.quit()
        elif e.key() == Qt.Key_R:
            self.reset()

5. Running the Application

The program initializes the random number, updates the displayed range, processes user guesses, provides feedback, and supports shortcuts: Enter to confirm, Esc to quit, and R to restart.

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