China's Vision for Tech Self‑Reliance: Xi's 2021 Academy Congress Speech

On May 28 2021, the 20th meeting of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th meeting of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th national congress of the China Association for Science and Technology were held at the Great Hall of the People. President Xi Jinping attended and delivered a keynote speech.

Xi emphasized that scientific self‑reliance must become a strategic pillar of national development. He called for aligning with the new development stage, implementing new development concepts, building a new development pattern, and promoting high‑quality growth. The speech highlighted the need to focus on frontier science, the main battlefield of the economy, major national needs, and the health of the people.

Key achievements were listed, including breakthroughs in basic research (quantum information, stem cells, brain science), major space missions (Chang'e‑5, Tianwen‑1, Tiangong), high‑end industrial projects (C919 aircraft, high‑speed maglev, large‑diameter tunnel boring machines), and defense technology (carrier, J‑20 fighter, DF‑17 missile). The role of science in combating COVID‑19 was also praised.

Xi outlined a series of strategic priorities:

Strengthen original, leading‑edge scientific research and win the battle for key core technologies.

Enhance the national strategic science and technology force, improving the overall effectiveness of the innovation system.

Deepen reforms of the science and technology system, creating supportive institutions and evaluation mechanisms.

Build an open innovation ecosystem and actively participate in global science governance.

Cultivate high‑level talent, attract global experts, and create a world‑class talent hub.

The speech called on academicians, scientists, and engineers to serve the nation, pursue truth, uphold academic ethics, mentor the next generation, and devote their energy to research. It also urged governments at all levels to provide political care, work support, and living assistance to scientists, ensuring a favorable environment for innovation.

Finally, Xi urged the whole scientific community to unite, innovate boldly, and contribute to building a world‑class technological power and achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.