Common Spring Utility Classes: Assertions, ObjectUtils, StringUtils, CollectionUtils, FileCopyUtils, ResourceUtils, ReflectionUtils, AopUtils Overview

Recently I discovered many colleagues write duplicate utility classes, and many of the functionalities are already provided by Spring. This article organizes common Spring utility classes to help developers avoid reinventing the wheel.

Assertions

1. An assertion is a logical check used to verify conditions that should never occur.

2. The assert keyword was introduced in JDK 1.4 and can be enabled with the JVM parameter -enableassertions.

3. Spring Boot provides an Assert utility class, typically used for data validation.

void notNull(Object object, String message)
void isNull(Object object, String message)
void isTrue(boolean expression, String message)
void notEmpty(Collection collection, String message)
void hasLength(String text, String message)
void hasText(String text, String message)
void isInstanceOf(Class type, Object obj, String message)
void isAssignable(Class superType, Class subType, String message)

Object, Array, Collection Utilities

ObjectUtils

1. Retrieve basic information about an object.

String nullSafeClassName(Object obj)
int nullSafeHashCode(Object object)
String nullSafeToString(boolean[] array)
String getIdentityHexString(Object obj)
String identityToString(Object obj)
String getDisplayString(Object obj)

2. Utility methods for checking objects.

boolean isEmpty(Object[] array)
boolean isArray(Object obj)
boolean containsElement(Object[] array, Object element)
boolean nullSafeEquals(Object o1, Object o2)
boolean isEmpty(Object obj) // handles Optional, arrays, CharSequence, Collection, Map, etc.

3. Other helper methods.

A[] addObjectToArray(A[] array, O obj)
Object[] toObjectArray(Object source)

StringUtils

1. String‑checking utilities.

boolean isEmpty(Object str)
boolean endsWithIgnoreCase(String str, String suffix)
boolean startsWithIgnoreCase(String str, String prefix)
boolean containsWhitespace(String str)
boolean hasLength(CharSequence str)
boolean hasText(CharSequence str)
boolean substringMatch(CharSequence str, int index, CharSequence substring)
int countOccurrencesOf(String str, String sub)

2. String‑manipulation utilities.

String replace(String inString, String oldPattern, String newPattern)
String trimTrailingCharacter(String str, char trailingCharacter)
String trimLeadingCharacter(String str, char leadingCharacter)
String trimLeadingWhitespace(String str)
String trimTrailingWhitespace(String str)
String trimWhitespace(String str)
String trimAllWhitespace(String str)
String delete(String inString, String pattern)
String deleteAny(String inString, String charsToDelete)
String[] trimArrayElements(String[] array)
String uriDecode(String source, Charset charset)

3. Path‑related utilities.

String cleanPath(String path)
String getFilename(String path)
String getFilenameExtension(String path)
boolean pathEquals(String path1, String path2)
String stripFilenameExtension(String path)
String unqualify(String qualifiedName)
String unqualify(String qualifiedName, char separator)

CollectionUtils

1. Collection‑checking utilities.

boolean isEmpty(Collection<?> collection)
boolean isEmpty(Map<?,?> map)
boolean containsInstance(Collection<?> collection, Object element)
boolean contains(Iterator<?> iterator, Object element)
bool containsAny(Collection<?> source, Collection<?> candidates)
bool hasUniqueObject(Collection<?> collection)

2. Collection‑operation utilities.

void mergeArrayIntoCollection(Object array, Collection<E> collection)
void mergePropertiesIntoMap(Properties props, Map<K,V> map)
<T> T lastElement(List<T> list)
<T> T lastElement(Set<T> set)
<E> E findFirstMatch(Collection<?> source, Collection<E> candidates)
<T> T findValueOfType(Collection<?> collection, Class<T> type)
Object findValueOfType(Collection<?> collection, Class<?>[] types)
Class<?> findCommonElementType(Collection<?> collection)

File, Resource, IO Stream Utilities

FileCopyUtils

1. Input utilities.

byte[] copyToByteArray(File in)
byte[] copyToByteArray(InputStream in)
String copyToString(Reader in)

2. Output utilities.

void copy(byte[] in, File out)
int copy(File in, File out)
void copy(byte[] in, OutputStream out)
int copy(InputStream in, OutputStream out)
int copy(Reader in, Writer out)
void copy(String in, Writer out)

ResourceUtils

1. Resolve a resource location to a File.

static boolean isUrl(String resourceLocation)
static URL getURL(String resourceLocation)
static File getFile(String resourceLocation)

2. Resource abstractions.

FileSystemResource
UrlResource
ClassPathResource
ServletContextResource
boolean exists()
File getFile()
URI getURI()
URL getURL()
InputStream getInputStream()
String getDescription()

StreamUtils

1. Input utilities.

void copy(byte[] in, OutputStream out)
int copy(InputStream in, OutputStream out)
void copy(String in, Charset charset, OutputStream out)
long copyRange(InputStream in, OutputStream out, long start, long end)

2. Output utilities.

byte[] copyToByteArray(InputStream in)
String copyToString(InputStream in, Charset charset)
int drain(InputStream in)

Reflection and AOP Utilities

ReflectionUtils

1. Method lookup.

Method findMethod(Class<?> clazz, String name)
Method findMethod(Class<?> clazz, String name, Class<?>... paramTypes)
Method[] getAllDeclaredMethods(Class<?> leafClass)
Constructor<T> accessibleConstructor(Class<T> clazz, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
bool isEqualsMethod(Method method)
bool isHashCodeMethod(Method method)
bool isToStringMethod(Method method)
bool isObjectMethod(Method method)
bool declaresException(Method method, Class<?> exceptionType)

2. Method invocation.

Object invokeMethod(Method method, Object target)
Object invokeMethod(Method method, Object target, Object... args)
void makeAccessible(Method method)
void makeAccessible(Constructor<?> ctor)

3. Field lookup.

Field findField(Class<?> clazz, String name)
Field findField(Class<?> clazz, String name, Class<?> type)
bool isPublicStaticFinal(Field field)

4. Field access.

Object getField(Field field, Object target)
void setField(Field field, Object target, Object value)
void shallowCopyFieldState(Object src, Object dest)
void makeAccessible(Field field)
void doWithFields(Class<?> clazz, ReflectionUtils.FieldCallback fc)
void doWithFields(Class<?> clazz, ReflectionUtils.FieldCallback fc, ReflectionUtils.FieldFilter ff)
void doWithLocalFields(Class<?> clazz, ReflectionUtils.FieldCallback fc)

AopUtils

1. Determine proxy type.

boolean isAopProxy(Object bean)
bool isJdkDynamicProxy(Object bean)
bool isCglibProxy(Object bean)

2. Retrieve the target class of a proxy.

Class<?> getTargetClass(Object proxy)

AopContext

1. Obtain the current proxy of the executing object. Object currentProxy() To conclude, the article provides a concise reference of Spring’s most useful utility classes, enabling developers to write cleaner code, reduce duplication, and focus on business logic rather than reinventing common helper methods.