How to Expand Your Linux Root Partition with LVM in Simple Steps
This guide walks you through checking disk usage, adding a new disk, creating a physical volume, extending the volume group and logical volume, and finally growing the XFS filesystem to successfully enlarge the Linux root partition.
Check current disk usage
Run df -hl to view existing partitions and free space.
List all disks
Execute fdisk -l to see all block devices.
Prepare the new disk
Partition the new disk with fdisk /dev/sdb. Follow the on‑screen prompts as shown.
Create a physical volume
Run pvcreate /dev/sdb1 to initialize the partition as a PV.
Verify the physical volume
Use pvdisplay to confirm the PV was created.
Add the PV to the volume group
Extend the existing VG (named centos) with vgextend centos /dev/sdb1.
Check free space in the VG
Run vgdisplay to view the free PE (Physical Extents) available.
Extend the root logical volume
Increase the size of the root LV with lvextend -L +60G /dev/mapper/centos-root.
Grow the XFS filesystem
Apply the new space to the filesystem using xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root.
Verify the expansion
Run df -hl again to see the increased size of the root partition.
The highlighted area in the final screenshot confirms that the root partition has been successfully expanded.
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