Installing Percona XtraBackup and Performing Full and Incremental Backups on CentOS

First, upload the XtraBackup RPM package to the server: rz percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm Download the EPEL repository configuration:

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

Install required dependencies:

yum -y install perl perl-devel libaio libaio-devel perl-Time-HiRes perl-DBD-MySQL

Download the Percona XtraBackup binary RPM:

wget https://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/Percona-XtraBackup-2.4.4/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

Install the package locally:

yum localinstall -y percona-xtrabackup-24-2.4.4-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

After installation, you can run the tools to verify they are available:

xtrabackup

innobackupex

Full backup

Create a backup directory and run a full backup without timestamps:

mkdir /backup

innobackupex --user=root --password=123 --no-timestamp /backup/full

List the backup files to confirm the result: ll /backup/full/ Inspect the checkpoint file for backup metadata: cat xtrabackup_checkpoints Sample output shows backup_type = full-backuped, from_lsn = 0, and to_lsn = 8417759.

Incremental backup

1. Perform another full backup (used as the base for incremental):

innobackupex --user=root --password=123 --no-timestamp /backup/full_$(date +%F)

2. Insert new data into MySQL to create changes: mysql -uroot -p123 Then inside MySQL:

use haha;

insert into haha values(1),(2),(3);

3. Run the incremental backup based on the previous full backup directory:

innobackupex --user=root --password=123 --no-timestamp --incremental --incremental-basedir=/backup/full_2020-12-23 /backup/inc1

Parameters: --incremental: enables incremental mode. --incremental-basedir: path to the previous backup used as the base.

4. Verify the backup checkpoints for both the full and incremental backups: cat /backup/full/xtrabackup_checkpoints Shows backup_type = full-prepared, from_lsn = 0, to_lsn = 8417759. cat /backup/inc1/xtrabackup_checkpoints Shows backup_type = incremental, from_lsn = 8417759, to_lsn = 8419281.