Master PyMySQL: Install, Connect, and Perform CRUD with Real-World Code
This guide compares three Python MySQL libraries—Python‑MySQL, PyMySQL, and SQLAlchemy—explains their strengths and limitations, and provides step‑by‑step instructions with code screenshots for installing, importing, connecting, querying, and performing insert and update operations using PyMySQL.
There are three main Python libraries for MySQL: Python‑MySQL (also known as MySQLdb), PyMySQL, and SQLAlchemy.
Python‑MySQL
Python‑MySQL is the oldest, built in C, offers a lean interface and top performance, but has many environment dependencies, complex installation, has not been updated in recent years, and only supports Python 2, not Python 3.
PyMySQL
PyMySQL was created as a pure‑Python replacement for Python‑MySQL, provides a compatible API, is easy to install, and supports Python 3.
SQLAlchemy
SQLAlchemy is an ORM framework that does not perform low‑level database operations itself; it relies on third‑party libraries such as MySQLdb or PyMySQL, and is widely used in web development.
This article mainly introduces the correct usage of PyMySQL, with example code taken from real projects.
Installation
1. Simple method:
2. Offline installation when network is unavailable:
Import
Connection
Query
Simple Insert
Batch Insert
Update
PyMySQL is already quite mature; like Python‑MySQL, it is an optional install component in many Linux distributions.
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