Understanding the Architecture of a JavaEE Project Using Struts2, Spring, MyBatis, and Oracle

A JavaEE project typically combines JSP pages for the view layer with a backend built on Struts2, Spring, and MyBatis, while persisting data in an Oracle database. Understanding how these technologies interact is essential for every team member, even those focused solely on the front‑end.

Web side : Struts2 serves as a classic JavaEE MVC framework that coordinates the Servlet (controller), the view (JSP), and the Action‑based model. HTTP requests are routed to specific Action classes, which populate the model; the resulting data can then be accessed in JSPs via EL expressions or other libraries, abstracting away low‑level protocol handling.

Three‑tier architecture : The application follows a three‑layer design—Action (controller), Manager (business logic), and DAO (data access). The Spring framework ties these layers together using IoC/DI, reducing coupling and simplifying configuration.

Database layer : In the DAO layer, communication between in‑memory objects and the Oracle database is typically performed with JDBC, while MyBatis handles SQL mapping, parameter binding, and result set processing.

Web 2.0 MVC : Modern Web 2.0 applications extend the view layer with richer client‑side logic (HTML/CSS for presentation, JavaScript as controller, JSON as model). Frameworks such as Angular apply MVC principles on the front‑end, and AJAX is used to exchange data with the backend.

Conclusion : Although JavaEE frameworks like Struts, Spring, and MyBatis provide a solid structure, the underlying principles—layered architecture, separation of concerns, and clear communication contracts—are transferable to other stacks, enabling developers to adapt the concepts across different technologies.