Learn from the past to understand the present
This tutorial introduces linear regression fundamentals, explaining features, labels, weights, bias, and mean squared error loss, then demonstrates gradient descent optimization in PyTorch, reveals how unscaled features break convergence, and shows feature standardization fixing the problem.
This article explains SSE streaming for LLM outputs by analyzing DeepSeek's network packets, demonstrates production-grade SSE client and server code using Go's Hertz framework, and evaluates SSE versus gRPC for internal service-to-service streaming RPC.
This article dissects Netty 4.2's integration of Linux io_uring's bufferRing mechanism, explaining its ring-buffer data structure, single-tail-pointer design, Netty's IoUringBufferRing encapsulation, per-connection buffer group binding, SQE submission with IOSQE_BUFFER_SELECT, CQE flag handling, and the incremental/bundle optimizations that reduce buffer waste and CQE overhead.
This article explains the LLM inference process, detailing the prefill and decode stages, tokenization, KV cache mechanics, and key metrics like TTFT and ITL, while introducing inference frameworks MindIE and LMDeploy with their optimization features.
This article demystifies the Model Context Protocol (MCP) by walking through a practical fetch-mcp example, then detailing the JSON-RPC 2.0 application layer interactions — initialization, tool listing, and tool calling — and comparing STDIO versus Streamable HTTP transport layers for remote MCP server communication.
This article explains AF_XDP, the user-space socket interface for XDP that enables zero-copy packet processing via shared memory (UMEM) and four single-producer/single-consumer ring queues (RX, TX, FILL, COMPLETION), detailing the packet receive/send flow and the BPF_MAP_TYPE_XSKMAP for redirecting packets to user space.
This article walks through the first three packet processing lessons of the xdp-project/xdp-tutorial, covering packet parsing with verifier errors, packet rewriting with debugging tips using nc and bpf_printk, and packet redirection nuances with veth pairs and XDP_REDIRECT/XDP_TX requirements.
